The Rise of Positional Licensing
The Rise of Positional Licensing
复制标题
位置许可的兴起
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Kiparsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Kiparsky
格是由正值[+H（ighest）R（ole）]，[+L（owest）R（ole）]定义的，这些正值是根据Th角色在Th角色层级中的相对位置（本身就是语义形式的投影）而分配给Th角色的。(25)a. [+HR]被分配到最高角色。B. [+LR]被分配给最低的角色。我们的抽象情况下的概念类似于GB的，因为它是一个语法分配的功能复杂，但我们将它在一个有点不同的方式，因为抽象的情况下，本身不是一个许可的财产，但一组功能表示的约束morphosyntagic情况。许可性质是不同层次格特征的成功统一（兼容性），特别是抽象格和形态句法格的统一。到（25），（22 a）中投射的动词show的三个有序Th角色（shower、showee、thing shown）被赋予（26）中的抽象格特征。(26)[ λz [+LR] ] [ λy [ ] ] [ λx [+HR] ] [x CAUSE [CAN [y SEE z]不及物动词的唯一角色既有[+HR]也有[+LR]，三位谓词的中间角色既没有[+HR]也没有[+LR]。其结果是一个清单的四个抽象的结构情况下，在迪克森术语“A”，“S”，“O”和“D”。(27)a. S：[+HR，+LR] B。O：[+LR] c. A：[+HR] d.丁：[ ]在（26）中没有明确指出的是，所有三个Th角色都具有抽象结构格的特征（比如[+SC]），这是由特征[LR，HR]细分的。为了排版的简单性，这将被默认为存在于随后的每个括号特征矩阵中，结构情况的缺失因此由括号的缺失来象征。因为格特征本质上是相关的，所以每个论元结构最多只能有一个[+HR]角色和一个[+LR]角色。上
Case is defined by the positive values [+H(ighest) R(ole)], [+L(owest) R(ole)], which are assigned to the Th-roles according to their relative position on the Th-role hierarchy (itself a projection of semantic form). (25) a. [+HR] is assigned to the highest role. b. [+LR] is assigned to the lowest role. Our notion of abstract Case resembles GB’s in that it is a syntactically assigned feature complex, but we construe it in a somewhat different way since abstract Case is not by itself a licensing property, but a set of featurally expressed constraints on morphosyntactic case. The licensing property is rather the successful unification (compatibility) of the case features at the different levels, in particular the unification of abstract case and morphosyntactic case. By (25), the three ordered Th-roles of the verb show projected in (22a) (shower, showee, thing shown) are assigned the abstract Case features in (26). (26) [ λz [+LR] ] [ λy [ ] ] [ λx [+HR] ] [x CAUSE [CAN [y SEE z ] ] ] The sole role of an intransitive verb gets both [+HR] and [+LR], and the middle role of a three-place predicate gets neither [+HR] nor [+LR]. The result is an inventory of four abstract structural cases, in Dixonian terms “A”, “S”, “O”, and “D”. (27) a. S: [+HR,+LR] b. O: [+LR] c. A: [+HR] d. D: [ ] Not explicitly indicated in (26) is the fact that all three Th-roles bear a feature of abstract structural case (say [+SC]), which is subclassified by the features [LR, HR]. For typographical simplicity, this will be tacitly assumed to be present in every bracketed feature matrix that follows, with the absence of structural case thus symbolized by the absence of a bracket. Because the case features are intrinsically relational, there can be at most one [+HR] role and at most one [+LR] role per argument structure. On the