Trade policy in a “GVC World”: Multinational corporations and trade liberalization
Trade policy in a “GVC World”: Multinational corporations and trade liberalization
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“全球价值链世界”中的贸易政策：跨国公司和贸易自由化
作者：
Christina Anderer;Andreas Dür;Lisa Lechner
生产全球化正在改变贸易政策制定的政治经济学：自由贸易的传统支持者（寻求外国市场准入的出口商）与新的参与者（生产过程中需要国外中间体的公司）一起为贸易自由化进行游说。跨国公司（MNCs）在这一新的联盟中发挥着至关重要的作用，因为它们强烈参与国际贸易，并拥有可用于游说政策制定者的资源。我们从这些前提中得出了一个论点，即不同行业的贸易政策结果的变化预期取决于它们在跨国公司全球网络中的整合程度。关于优惠贸易协定中的关税水平和关税削减速度、公司层面的国际并购以及跨国公司按部门进口中间体的分类数据使我们能够检验这一论点。这些发现支持了我们的理论预期。本文通过进一步发展关于全球价值链和贸易政策结果的现有论点，并通过增加国际企业联系的数据对其进行扩展，阐明了全球化经济中贸易政策制定的过程和结果。
Abstract The globalization of production is changing the political economy of trade policymaking: Traditional supporters of free trade (exporters seeking market access in foreign countries) are joined by new actors (companies needing intermediates from abroad for their production processes) in their lobbying efforts for trade liberalization. Multinational corporations (MNCs) play a crucial role in this new alliance due to their strong involvement in international trade and endowment with resources that can be used to lobby policymakers. We derive an argument from these premises that leads to the expectation of variation in trade policy outcomes across industries depending on their degree of integration in a global network of multinational corporations. Disaggregated data on the level of tariffs and speed of tariff cuts in preferential trade agreements, international mergers and acquisitions at the firm level, and MNC imports of intermediates by sector allow us to test the argument. The findings support our theoretical expectations. The paper sheds light on the processes and outcomes of trade policymaking in a globalized economy by further developing an existing argument about GVCs and trade policy outcomes as well as expanding on it by adding data on international corporate connections.