The UK Environmental Change Network: Emerging trends in the composition of plant and animal communities and the physical environment
The UK Environmental Change Network: Emerging trends in the composition of plant and animal communities and the physical environment
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英国环境变化网络：动植物群落构成以及自然环境的新趋势
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2009.07.004
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
H. Watson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Morecroft;C. Bealey;D. Beaumont;S. Benham;D. Brooks;T. Burt;C. Critchley;J. Dick;N. Littlewood;D. Monteith;W. Scott;Ron I. Smith;C. Walmsley;H. Watson
该审查确定了1993年至2007年期间联合王国环境变化网络12个陆地站点的物理、化学和生物数据的主要趋势，并评估了该方案的有效性。整个网络的温度和降水量增加，硫（S）沉积减少。氮（N）沉降也有明显的局部趋势。S沉降的减少与降雨和土壤pH值的增加有关，有广泛的证据表明土壤pH值从酸化中恢复。适应温暖的蝴蝶种类往往增加在北方，高地网站，与温度升高的影响一致。相比之下，与较冷的北方和高地地区相关的步甲甲虫物种的种群数量呈下降趋势。降水量的增加趋势可能是低地杂草植物种类减少的原因，扭转了时间序列早期与干旱有关的增加。有没有一般的变化，植物群落的组成，这可能反映了土壤pH值的上升。这可能反映了缓慢的动态植物群落过程或pH值的趋势之间的区别在表面和较低的土壤层。ECN可有效地检测对比地点一系列不同变量的趋势。它的长处是能够在同一方案中监测环境变化的原因和后果，提高查明变化原因的能力，这对制定21世纪世纪的养护政策和管理至关重要。
This review identifies the major trends in physical, chemical and biological data between 1993 and 2007 at the 12 terrestrial sites in the United Kingdom Environmental Change Network (ECN) and assesses the effectiveness of the programme. Temperature and precipitation increased and sulphur (S) deposition decreased across the network. There were also significant local trends in nitrogen (N) deposition. The decreasing S deposition was associated with increasing pH of rainfall and soils and there was widespread evidence of soil pH showing recovery from acidification. Warm-adapted butterfly species tended to increase at northern, upland sites, consistent with an effect of increasing temperatures. In contrast, carabid beetle species associated with cooler northern and upland areas showed declining populations. The increasing trend in precipitation may account for a decline in ruderal plant species in the lowlands, reversing an increase associated with drought in the early part of the time series. There was no general shift in the composition of plant communities which might reflect rising soil pH. This may reflect the slow dynamics of plant community processes or a distinction between pH trends at the surface and lower soil horizons. The ECN is effective in detecting trends in a range of different variables at contrasting sites. Its strength is the ability to monitor causes and consequences of environmental change in the same programme, improving the ability to attribute causes of change, which is essential to developing conservation policy and management in the 21st century.