The role of self-compassion and its individual components in adaptive responses to dietary lapses.
The role of self-compassion and its individual components in adaptive responses to dietary lapses.
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自我慈悲及其各个组成部分在对饮食失误的适应性反应中的作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2023.107009
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Forman,EvanM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hagerman,CharlotteJ;Ehmann,MarnyM;Taylor,LaurenC;Forman,EvanM
饮食失误（即，饮食不坚持的情况）在减肥尝试期间是常见的，并且以两种方式损害成功：增加热量摄入和使参与者士气低落，有时导致他们完全放弃他们的体重控制目标。了解和防止士气低落的努力几乎没有得到任何研究的关注。自我同情有很高的潜力，以促进对这些挫折的适应性反应，因为它重新定义“失败”，促进自我完善。过去的研究表明，当参与者经历一次失误时，那些练习更高自我同情的人报告了更高的自我效能和继续节食的意图。目前的研究扩展了这一文献，以研究对失误的自我同情是否会预测随后同一天失误的可能性较低，以及对体重管理行为的感知控制的更多报告。我们还研究了自我同情的各个方面，包括自我仁慈（对待朋友的方式）;共同的人性（理解每个人都有挣扎）;以及正念（对思想和感受的非判断性意识）是否与这些结果相关。参加行为减肥试验的参与者（N= 140）每天完成6次生态瞬时评估（EMA）调查，持续7天。总的自我同情和自我同情的每个方面都与一段时间后较少的负面影响有关。没有一个自我同情变量预测了参与者当天再次报告失误的可能性。然而，更高的总自我同情和更高的自我善良后，失误都与更大的自我控制体重管理行为在接下来的几个小时。共同的人性和正念，分别与感知控制的报告无关。结果表明，节食挫折后的自我同情可能会阻止目标脱离，而自我善良是与这些挫折的适应性反应最密切相关的方面。
Dietary lapses (i.e., instances of dietary non-adherence) are common during weight loss attempts, and compromise success in two ways: increasing caloric intake and demoralizing the participant, sometimes leading them to abandon their weight control goals altogether. Efforts to understand and prevent demoralization have received almost no research attention. Self-compassion has high potential to promote adaptive responses to these setbacks because it reframes “failure” and promotes self-improvement. Past research shows that when participants experience a lapse, those practicing higher self-compassion report higher self-efficacy and intentions to continue dieting. The current study extended this literature to examine whether self-compassion in response to a lapse would predict lower likelihood of a subsequent same-day lapse and greater reports of perceived control over weight management behaviors. We also examined whether the individual facets of self-compassion, including self-kindness (treating oneself the way one would a friend); common humanity (the understanding that everyone has struggles); and mindfulness (non-judgmental awareness of thoughts and feelings) are associated with these outcomes. Participants (N= 140) enrolled in a behavioral weight loss trial completed 6 ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys a day for seven days. Total self-compassion and each facet of self-compassion individually were all associated with less negative affect after a lapse. None of the self-compassion variables predicted the likelihood of participants reporting a lapse again that day. However, higher total self-compassion and higher self-kindness after a lapse were both associated with greater perceived self-control over weight management behaviors in the hours following. Common humanity and mindfulness, respectively, were not associated with reports of perceived control. Results suggest that self-compassion following dieting setbacks may prevent goal disengagement, and that self-kindness is the facet most strongly associated with adaptive responses to these setbacks.