A Novel TREM2-Mediated Link between Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: Recent Findings and Future Perspectives
A Novel TREM2-Mediated Link between Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: Recent Findings and Future Perspectives
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DOI：
10.4172/2161-0460.1000380
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Masashi Tanaka;H. Yamakage;Takayuki Inoue;S. Masuda;R. Ohue‐Kitano;T. Kusakabe;N. Satoh‐Asahara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Masashi Tanaka;H. Yamakage;Takayuki Inoue;S. Masuda;R. Ohue‐Kitano;T. Kusakabe;N. Satoh‐Asahara
髓样细胞上表达的蛋白触发受体2（TREM2）是仅在脑中的小胶质细胞上表达的细胞表面受体。最近的广泛研究表明，TREM2的功能以及表达TREM2的小胶质细胞的表型与神经退行性疾病的发病机制密切相关，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD），阿尔茨海默病是痴呆的最常见原因之一。此外，最近的几项研究报告了TREM2在与糖尿病相关的认知障碍中可能的新病理学意义，糖尿病是报告的痴呆风险因素的几种代谢疾病之一。本文综述了TREM2在AD和其他神经退行性疾病以及痴呆风险增加的代谢性疾病中的病理生理学意义的最新进展和未来的研究方向。
The protein triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (TREM2) is a cell surface receptor exclusively expressed on microglia in the brain. Recent extensive studies reveal that the functions of TREM2 as well as the phenotypes of TREM2-expressing microglia are closely implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the most common causes of dementia. Furthermore, several recent studies reported a possible novel pathological implication for TREM2 in cognitive impairment associated with diabetes, one of the several metabolic diseases that are reported risk factors of dementia. In this review, we summarize recent advances and future research directions on the pathophysiological significance of TREM2 in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases as well as in metabolic diseases with increased risk for dementia.