Cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer from pathogenesis to therapy: Controversies and perspectives
Cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer from pathogenesis to therapy: Controversies and perspectives
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DOI：
10.3748/wjg.v20.i4.923
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发表时间：
2014-01-28
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Sgambato, Alessandro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fanali, Caterina;Lucchetti, Donatella;Sgambato, Alessandro
尽管使用了各种治疗策略，结直肠癌仍然是全世界最常见和致命的恶性肿瘤之一。更好地了解肿瘤发生和进展的机制对于开发新的、更有效的疗法至关重要。传统的所谓肿瘤发展“随机模型”假设每个癌细胞都具有致瘤性，但在过去十年中，该模型因癌症干细胞（CSC）的鉴定而受到严重挑战，癌症干细胞是肿瘤块中的一种生物学上独特的细胞亚群。这一发现导致了肿瘤发生分层模型的发展，该模型假设只有 CSC 才有能力在原发部位和转移部位启动肿瘤生长。该模型意味着消除所有 CSC 是根除肿瘤的基础，如果不这样做可能会导致结直肠癌患者临床治疗中经常观察到的复发和/或转移的发生。 CSC 的鉴定和分离对于更好地了解它们在肿瘤发生过程中的作用以及开发 CSC 特异性疗法至关重要。为此目的，已经使用了多种方法，并且许多努力都集中在特定 CSC 表面标记的识别上。本综述概述了 CSC 在人类结直肠肿瘤发生中的作用，重点关注结直肠癌中被确定为 CSC 特异性标志物的最重要分子，以及开发 CSC 靶向治疗的潜在策略。 (C) 2014 百事登出版集团有限公司。版权所有。
Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common and lethal malignancies worldwide despite the use of various therapeutic strategies. A better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for tumor initiation and progression is essential for the development of novel, more powerful therapies. The traditional, so-called "stochastic model" of tumor development, which assumes that each cancer cell is tumorigenic, has been deeply challenged during the past decade by the identification of cancer stem cells (CSCs), a biologically distinct subset of cells within the bulk of tumor mass. This discovery led to the development of the hierarchical model of tumorigenesis which assumes that only CSCs have the ability to initiate tumor growth, both at primary and metastatic sites. This model implies that the elimination of all CSCs is fundamental to eradicate tumors and that failure to do so might be responsible for the occurrence of relapses and/or metastases frequently observed in the clinical management of colorectal cancer patients. Identification and isolation of CSCs is essential for a better understanding of their role in the tumorigenetic process and for the development of CSC-specific therapies. Several methods have been used for this purpose and many efforts have been focused on the identification of specific CSC-surface markers. This review provides an overview of the proposed roles of CSC in human colorectal tumorigenesis focusing on the most important molecules identified as CSC-specific markers in colorectal cancer and on the potential strategies for the development of CSC-targeted therapy. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.