Personality, Self-Perceptions, and Daily Variability in Perceived Usefulness Among Older Adults
Personality, Self-Perceptions, and Daily Variability in Perceived Usefulness Among Older Adults
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DOI：
10.1037/pag0000039
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hooker, Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Pamela M.;Mejia, Shannon T.;Hooker, Karen
基于年龄的自我成见与老年人的各种长期身体健康和心理健康结果有关。然而，关于老年人日常的功能受限体验如何与同时在代表负面年龄刻板印象的维度上进行自我评估之间的关系，我们知之甚少。我们考察了随着时间的推移，远端人格特征和对基线年龄的全球自我认知如何影响与基于年龄的自我刻板印象相关的日常经验的处理。研究数据来自为期100天的基于互联网的个人对生活和社会经历的理解(PULSE)研究(N=98，年龄=52-88)，用来检验个性和对年龄的自我认知与两种与年龄刻板印象相关的日常经验的差异之间的联系：认知限制和有用性变化。多水平随机系数模型表明，在研究期间，人格和对衰老的自我感知与有用程度和报告问题集中的频率有关。每天集中精力处理问题的经历与当天感知的有用性较低显著相关，尽职尽责缓和了这种关系。通过将个性和全球自我认知与日常经验联系起来，我们的发现有助于理解自我刻板印象的过程，通过这些过程，个性和认知可能会影响长期结果。
Age-based self-stereotyping is associated with a variety of long-term physical health and psychological well-being outcomes for older people. However, little is known about how older individuals' day-to-day experiences of functional limitations may be related to concurrent self-appraisals on dimensions representing negative age stereotypes. We examined how distal personality traits and global self-perceptions of aging at baseline affect processing of daily experiences relevant to age-based self-stereotyping over time. Data from the 100-day Internet-based Personal Understanding of Life and Social Experiences (PULSE) study (N = 98, age = 52 - 88) were used to examine the link between personality and self-perceptions of aging to differences in 2 age stereotype-relevant daily experiences: cognitive limitations and variation in usefulness. Multilevel random coefficient models suggested that personality and self-perceptions of aging were associated with the level of usefulness and the frequency of reporting trouble concentrating during the study period. Daily experiences of trouble concentrating were significantly associated with lower perceived usefulness on that day, and conscientiousness moderated this relationship. By linking personality and global self-perceptions to daily experiences, our findings contribute toward understanding self-stereotyping processes by which personality and perceptions may affect long-term outcomes.