Specialized immune responses in the peritoneal cavity and omentum.
Specialized immune responses in the peritoneal cavity and omentum.
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DOI：
10.1002/jlb.5mir0720-271rr
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发表时间：
2021-04
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Meza-Perez S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu M;Silva-Sanchez A;Randall TD;Meza-Perez S
腹膜腔是一个充满液体的空间，容纳大部分腹部器官，包括网膜，一种内脏脂肪组织，含有乳白色斑点或白细胞簇，其组织类似于常规淋巴组织中的那些。一种独特的白细胞在腹膜腔中巡逻，并在乳斑中进出，在乳斑中它们遇到来自腹膜液的抗原或病原体并做出相应的反应。白细胞在腹膜腔中的主要作用是保持组织稳态和确保组织修复。然而，当腹膜稳态被炎症、感染、肥胖或肿瘤转移扰乱时，网膜中的特化成纤维基质细胞和间皮细胞调节腹膜白细胞的募集并以独特的方式引导其活化。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论驻留在腹膜腔中的细胞类型，网膜在其维持和激活中的作用，以及这些过程如何响应病原体和恶性肿瘤。腹膜腔中的免疫需要特化的白细胞群，其由网膜（一种独特的内脏脂肪组织）中的脂肪相关淋巴样簇（FAT-associated lymphoid clusters，PBMC）支持。
The peritoneal cavity is a fluid filled space that holds most of the abdominal organs, including the omentum, a visceral adipose tissue that contains milky spots or clusters of leukocytes that are organized similar to those in conventional lymphoid tissues. A unique assortment of leukocytes patrol the peritoneal cavity and migrate in and out of the milky spots, where they encounter antigens or pathogens from the peritoneal fluid and respond accordingly. The principal role of leukocytes in the peritoneal cavity is to preserve tissue homeostasis and secure tissue repair. However, when peritoneal homeostasis is disturbed by inflammation, infection, obesity or tumor metastasis, specialized fibroblastic stromal cells and mesothelial cells in the omentum regulate the recruitment of peritoneal leukocytes and steer their activation in unique ways. In this review, we will discuss the types of cells that reside in the peritoneal cavity, the role of the omentum in their maintenance and activation and how these processes function in response to pathogens and malignancy. Immunity in the peritoneal cavity requires specialized leukocyte populations that are supported by fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs) in the omentum, a unique visceral adipose tissue.