Beyond freeze-in: Dark matter via inverse phase transition and gravitational wave signal
Beyond freeze-in: Dark matter via inverse phase transition and gravitational wave signal
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超越冻结：通过逆相变和引力波信号的暗物质
DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.105.063530
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
A. Vikman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ramazanov;E. Babichev;D. Gorbunov;A. Vikman
我们提出了一个与引力波的产生自然相关的暗物质产生的新场景。暗物质被模拟为一个真正的标量，它通过与另一个标量场耦合的门户与热的原始等离子体相互作用。对于耦合的一个特殊符号，该系统表现出逆二阶相变。后者导致大量的暗物质产生，即使门户相互作用非常弱，冻结机制是低效的。该模型预测了在逆相变之前很久的宇宙中磁区壁的形成。这些域壁的张力随着时间的推移而减小，在逆相变时完全消失，从而避免了宇宙过度封闭的问题。磁区壁网络发出引力波，引力波的特征由暗物质定义。特别是，引力波的峰值频率由入口耦合常数确定，并落在目前计划中的引力波探测器的可观测范围内。
We propose a novel scenario of Dark Matter production naturally connected with generation of gravitational waves. Dark Matter is modelled as a real scalar, which interacts with the hot primordial plasma through a portal coupling to another scalar field. For a particular sign of the coupling, this system exhibits an inverse second order phase transition. The latter leads to an abundant Dark Matter production, even if the portal interaction is so weak that the freeze-in mechanism is inefficient. The model predicts domain wall formation in the Universe, long time before the inverse phase transition. These domain walls have a tension decreasing with time, and completely disappear at the inverse phase transition, so that the problem of overclosing the Universe is avoided. The domain wall network emits gravitational waves with characteristics defined by those of Dark Matter. In particular, the peak frequency of gravitational waves is determined by the portal coupling constant, and falls in the observable range for currently planned gravitational wave detectors.