In the Eye of the Beholder: Tort Litigants' Evaluations of Their Experiences in the Civil Justice System
In the Eye of the Beholder: Tort Litigants' Evaluations of Their Experiences in the Civil Justice System
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情人眼中：侵权诉讼当事人对其民事司法系统经验的评价
DOI：
10.2307/3053616
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Tom R. Tyler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. A. Lind;R. MacCoun;P. Ebener;W. L. Felstiner;D. Hensler;J. Resnik;Tom R. Tyler
关于侵权诉讼当事人对传统和替代诉讼程序的反应知之甚少。为了探讨这个问题，我们采访了三个州法院的人身伤害案件的诉讼当事人，这些案件已经通过审判、法院附属仲裁、司法和解会议或双边和解解决。诉讼当事人认为审判和仲裁程序比双边解决更公平，显然是因为他们认为审判和仲裁听证会给予他们的案件更尊重的待遇。他们对司法和解会议结果的满意度低于对双边和解结果的满意度，因为司法和解会议结果更有可能低于他们的预期。一般而言，程序公正判断和结果满意度与客观结果、成本或延迟关系不大;相反，评价似乎主要取决于对程序是否符合诉讼当事人对程序公正的标准以及对结果和成本的期望的看法。性别、收入和种族对评估没有太大影响。
Little is known about the reactions of tort litigants to traditional and alternative litigation procedures. To explore this issue, we inter viewed litigants in personal injury cases in three state courts whose cases had been resolved by trial, court-annexed arbitration, judicial settlement conferences, or bilateral settlement. The litigants viewed the trial and arbitration procedures as fairer than bilateral settle ment, apparently because they believed that trials and arbitration hearings gave their case more respectful treatment. They were less satisfied with the outcome of judicial settlement conferences than with the outcome of bilateral settlements, because judicial settlement conference outcomes were more likely to fall below their expecta tions. In general, procedural justice judgments and outcome satisfac tion were little related to objective outcome, cost, or delay; instead the evaluations appeared to be determined largely by perceptions of whether the procedure met litigants' criteria for procedural fairness and expectations on outcomes and costs. Gender, income, and race did not have much effect on evaluations.