Critical Computation: Digital Automata and General Artificial Thinking
Critical Computation: Digital Automata and General Artificial Thinking
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关键计算：数字自动机和通用人工智能思维
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发表时间：
2019
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通讯作者：
L. Parisi
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作者：
L. Parisi
随着机器变得越来越聪明，并将人类思维与人工智能纠缠在一起，似乎不再可能区分新形成的空间中发生的决策水平，即批判性推理，逻辑推理和纯粹计算之间的区别。自20世纪80年代以来，信息处理的计算系统已经发展到不仅包括演绎决策方法，从而结果已经包含在其前提中，而且已经转向从数据中学习的适应性实践，从环境中检索信息并建立一般前提的归纳方法。决策的逻辑方法的这种转变不仅仅涉及技术设备，而是通过机器激活的逻辑思维转变的症状。本文讨论了凯瑟琳海尔斯的开创性工作，她对我们文化的控制论和计算基础设施的研究特别阐明了这种与机器有关的思维的认识论转变。
As machines have become increasingly smart and have entangled human thinking with artificial intelligences, it seems no longer possible to distinguish among levels of decision-making that occur in the newly formed space between critical reasoning, logical inference and sheer calculation. Since the 1980s, computational systems of information processing have evolved to include not only deductive methods of decision, whereby results are already implicated in their premises, but have crucially shifted towards an adaptive practice of learning from data, an inductive method of retrieving information from the environment and establishing general premises. This shift in logical methods of decision-making does not simply concern technical apparatuses, but is a symptom of a transformation in logical thinking activated with and through machines. This article discusses the pioneering work of Katherine Hayles, whose study of the cybernetic and computational infrastructures of our culture particularly clarifies this epistemological transformation of thinking in relation to machines.