Thermal removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere: energy requirements and scaling issues
Thermal removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere: energy requirements and scaling issues
复制标题
从大气中热去除二氧化碳：能源需求和结垢问题
作者：
T. von Hippel
我进行了系统级的研究，直接空气捕获的CO2使用热物理技术。该系统依赖于高效热交换器、辐射冷却和制冷的组合，所有这些都是工业规模的，并且在低环境温度的环境中运行。虽然这一系统的有效运作需要技术发展，但这些发展建立在制冷专门知识和技术的长期历史基础上，可以在适度规模上进行开发和测试。我估计，通过这种方法去除二氧化碳所需的能量与其他技术直接捕获空气相当。建立一个每年可以从大气中去除10亿吨二氧化碳的系统最具挑战性的方面是冬季运行期间112至420 GW的电力需求。
I conduct a system-level study of direct air capture of CO2 using techniques from thermal physics. This system relies on a combination of an efficient heat exchanger, radiative cooling, and refrigeration, all at industrial scale and operated in environments at low ambient temperatures. While technological developments will be required for such a system to operate efficiently, those developments rest on a long history of refrigeration expertise and technology, and they can be developed and tested at modest scale. I estimate that the energy required to remove CO2 via this approach is comparable to direct air capture by other techniques. The most challenging aspect of building a system that could remove 1 billion tonnes of CO2 from the atmosphere per year is the power demand of 112 to 420 GW during the wintertime operational period.