Distinct signals from the microbiota promote different aspects of zebrafish gut differentiation
Distinct signals from the microbiota promote different aspects of zebrafish gut differentiation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.05.006
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发表时间：
2006-09-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Guillemin, Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bates, Jennifer M.;Mittge, Erika;Guillemin, Karen
所有动物都与微生物密切相关，微生物在宿主的正常发育和组织生理学中起着重要作用。在脊椎动物中，数量最多、最复杂的微生物群落存在于消化道中。在这里，我们描述了肠道微生物群的建立及其在消化道分化中的作用，斑马鱼模型脊椎动物，斑马鱼。我们发现，在没有微生物群的情况下，肠道上皮细胞在其分化方面被阻止，如通过缺乏刷状缘肠碱性磷酸酶活性、维持聚糖表达的不成熟模式以及缺乏杯状细胞和肠内分泌细胞所揭示的。此外，无菌肠不能吸收远端肠中的蛋白质大分子，并表现出更快的运动性。在发育的后期重新引入复杂的微生物群或无菌幼虫与微生物群的单个组分的单一结合逆转了所有这些无菌表型。将无菌斑马鱼暴露于热灭活的微生物群或细菌脂多糖制剂足以恢复碱性磷酸酶活性，但不能恢复含Gal α 1，3Gal聚糖的成熟模式，表明宿主感知并响应其相关的微生物群。至少有两种不同的途径。(c)2006年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
All animals exist in intimate associations with microorganisms that play important roles in the hosts' normal development and tissue physiology. In vertebrates, the most populous and complex community of microbes resides in the digestive tract. Here, we describe the establishment of the gut microbiota and its role in digestive tract differentiation in the zebrafish model vertebrate, Danio rerio. We find that in the absence of the microbiota, the gut epithelium is arrested in aspects of its differentiation, as revealed by the lack of brush border intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity, the maintenance of immature patterns of glycan expression and a paucity of goblet and enteroendocrine cells. In addition, germ-free intestines fail to take up protein macromolecules in the distal intestine and exhibit faster motility. Reintroduction of a complex microbiota at later stages of development or mono-association of germ-free larvae with individual constituents of the microbiota reverses all of these germ-free phenotypes. Exposure of germ-free zebrafish to heat-killed preparations of the microbiota or bacterial lipopolysaccharide is sufficient to restore alkaline phosphatase activity but not mature patterns of Gal alpha 1,3Gal containing glycans, indicating that the host perceives and responds to its associated microbiota. by at least two distinct pathways. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.