Pollution and city size: can cities be too small?
Pollution and city size: can cities be too small?
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DOI：
10.1093/jeg/lby017
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Tabuchi, Takatoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borck, Rainald;Tabuchi, Takatoshi
本文研究了一个污染城市系统模型中城市的最优规模和均衡规模。污染是人口规模的函数。如果污染是局部的，或者人均污染随着人口的增加而增加，那么在对称的情况下，均衡城市就太大了;在不对称的情况下，最大的城市太大，最小的城市太小了。当污染是全球性的，人均污染随着城市规模的增加而减少时，在对称的情况下，城市可能太小;在不对称的城市中，如果污染的边际损害足够大，最大的城市太小，最小的城市太大。我们将模型校准到美国城市，发现最大的城市可能会缩小3- 4%。
We study optimal and equilibrium sizes of cities in a city system model with pollution. Pollution is a function of population size. If pollution is local or per-capita pollution increases with population, equilibrium cities are too large under symmetry; with asymmetric cities, the largest cities are too large and the smallest too small. When pollution is global and per-capita pollution declines with city size, cities may be too small under symmetry; with asymmetric cities, the largest cities are too small and the smallest too large if the marginal damage of pollution is large enough. We calibrate the model to US cities and find that the largest cities may be undersized by 3-4%.