Understanding variants of SARS-CoV-2.
Understanding variants of SARS-CoV-2.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00298-1
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发表时间：
2021-02-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Burki T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Burki T
所有病毒都会变异。但严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的三种变体引起了特别的关注。2021年1月21日，英国新型和新兴呼吸道病毒威胁咨询小组（NERVTAG）发表了一篇论文，概述了对B的几项初步分析结果。1.1. 7.该变种具有高度传播性，最初于2020年9月在英格兰南部被发现，此后已传播到全球数十个国家。它的基因组中携带17个突变，其中包括刺突蛋白中的8个突变，刺突蛋白构成了在英国获得许可的三种COVID-19疫苗的基础。NERVTAG得出结论，感染B有“现实的可能性”。1.1.与感染亲本病毒相比，7与死亡风险增加有关。该小组强调，其评估是基于有限的初步数据，即使结果得到证实，死亡的总体风险仍然很低。另一种传染性极强的变异病毒P.1自2020年年中开始在巴西流行。这种变异与袭击巴西亚马逊地区马瑙斯的感染激增有关，使卫生保健系统处于崩溃的边缘。B。1.351是去年年底在南非首次发现的。1月25日，Moderna表示，体外研究表明，其疫苗对B有效。1.351和B。1.1. 7.然而，南非变异株与中和抗体大幅减少相关。辉瑞公司透露，实验室测试表明，其疫苗将对B。1.1. 7.这些研究未经同行审查。两家公司都表示，他们正在研究加强注射，以防止SARS-CoV-2的变种。新成立的G2 P-UK国家病毒学联盟的任务是弄清楚这些变种将如何影响大流行。它的职责是使用细胞培养和动物模型来研究突变如何影响病毒的传播性，
All viruses mutate. But three variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have raised particular concerns. On Jan 21, 2021, the UK New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group (NERVTAG) issued a paper outlining the results from several preliminary analyses of B. 1.1. 7. The variant, which is highly transmissible, was initially identified in the south of England in September 2020, and has since spread to dozens of countries around the world. It carries 17 mutations in its genome, including eight in the spike protein, which forms the basis of the three COVID-19 vaccines that have been licensed in the UK. NERVTAG concluded that there was a “realistic possibility” that infection with B. 1.1. 7 is associated with an increased risk of death, compared with infection with the parental virus. The group stressed that its assessment was based on limited preliminary data and even if the results were confirmed, the overall risk of death would still be low. Another extremely infectious variant, P. 1, has been circulating in Brazil since the middle of 2020. This variant has been implicated in the surge of infections that has struck Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, leaving the health-care system on the brink of collapse. B. 1.351 was first detected in South Africa late last year. On Jan 25, Moderna said that invitro studies indicated that its vaccine would be effective against B. 1.351 and B. 1.1. 7. However, the South African variant was associated with a substantial reduction in neutralising antibodies. Pfizer has revealed that laboratory tests suggested that its vaccine would work against B. 1.1. 7. The studies have not been peer reviewed. Both companies have said that they are investigating booster shots to protect against variants of SARS-CoV-2.Making sense of how the variants will influence the pandemic is the task of the newly formed G2P-UK National Virology Consortium. Its remit is to use cell cultures and animal models to examine how the mutations affect the transmissibility of the virus, the severity