Recognition of vaccinia virus-infected cells by human natural killer cells depends on natural cytotoxicity receptors
Recognition of vaccinia virus-infected cells by human natural killer cells depends on natural cytotoxicity receptors
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.80.5.2225-2233.2006
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Reyburn, HT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chisholm, SE;Reyburn, HT
天然的米勒（NK）细胞在对许多病毒的免疫反应中很重要;然而，NK细胞用于区分健康细胞和病毒感染细胞的机制才刚刚开始被理解。用牛痘病毒感染引起的NK细胞裂解的靶细胞的易感性显着增加，我们表明，识别的变化，在靶细胞由牛痘病毒感染诱导依赖于天然的细胞毒性受体NKp 30，NKp 44，和NKp 46。牛痘病毒感染不会诱导活化NKG 2D受体的配体表达，下调主要组织相容性复合物I类分子也不会改变靶细胞对NK细胞溶解的敏感性。痘病毒感染后引发的对NK细胞裂解的易感性增加取决于病毒基因，或在病毒生命周期早期转录并存在于多种不同正痘病毒中的基因。更一般的影响，这些数据的先天免疫识别的过程进行了讨论。
Natural Miler (NK) cells are important in the immune response to a number of viruses; however, the mechanisms used by NK cells to discriminate between healthy and virus-infected cells are only beginning to be understood. Infection with vaccinia virus provokes a marked increase in the susceptibility of target cells to lysis by NK cells, and we show that recognition of the changes in the target cell induced by vaccinia virus infection depends on the natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp30, NKp44, and NKp46. Vaccinia virus infection does not induce expression of ligands for the activating NKG2D receptor, nor does downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules appear to be of critical importance for altered target cell susceptibility to NK cell lysis. The increased susceptibility to lysis by NK cells triggered upon poxvirus infection depends on a viral gene, or genes, transcribed early in the viral life cycle and present in multiple distinct orthopoxviruses. The more general implications of these data for the processes of innate immune recognition are discussed.