Dental arch morphology in children with sleep-disordered breathing
Dental arch morphology in children with sleep-disordered breathing
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DOI：
10.1093/ejo/cjn061
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Lopponen, Heikki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pirila-Parkkinen, Kirsi;Pirttiniemi, Pertti;Lopponen, Heikki
本研究的目的是检查阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）和打鼾等夜间呼吸障碍对牙弓发育的影响。研究组包括41名确诊为OSA的儿童（22名男性，19名女性，平均年龄7.2岁，标准差1.93）。年龄和性别相匹配的组41打鼾和41非阻塞控制儿童被选中。进行了正畸检查，并取得了牙印模。临床诊断错牙合畸形，并从牙模型中测量13个线性变量。采用方差分析和邓肯多重比较法研究了OSA、打鼾和对照组的牙弓测量值之间的差异。与对照组相比，诊断为OSA的儿童的覆盖明显增加，覆牙合减少，上牙弓变窄，下牙弓变短。打鼾儿童与OSA儿童相比，有相似但不显著的差异。与非阻塞性对照组相比，OSA组（P = 0.016）中有更多的儿童有前牙开咬（AOB），OSA组（P = 0.013）和打鼾组（P = 0.004）中有更多的儿童有II类或不对称的磨牙关系。下颌骨拥挤的受试者较多，（P = 0.002）和AOB（P = 0.019），阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）增加。这些发现与之前关于上呼吸道阻力增加对牙弓形态影响的研究一致，并且可以通过长期变化来解释。头部、下颌骨、和舌头，以便在睡眠期间保持气道充足。
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of nocturnal breathing disorders such as obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and snoring on developing dental arches. The study group comprised 41 children (22 males, 19 females, mean age 7.2 years, standard deviation 1.93) with diagnosed OSA. Age- and gender-matched groups of 41 snoring and 41 non-obstructed control children were selected. Orthodontic examination was carried out and dental impressions were taken. Malocclusions were diagnosed clinically and 13 linear variables were measured from the dental casts. The differences between the dental arch measurements of the OSA, snoring, and control groups were studied using analysis of variance followed by Duncan's multiple comparison method.Children with diagnosed OSA had a significantly increased overjet, a reduced overbite, and narrower upper and shorter lower dental arches when compared with the controls. Snoring children had similar but not as significant differences as OSA children when compared with the controls. There were more children with an anterior open bite (AOB) in the OSA group (P = 0.016) and with a Class II or asymmetric molar relationship in the groups of OSA (P = 0.013) and snoring (P = 0.004) subjects compared with the non-obstructed controls. There were more subjects with mandibular crowding (P = 0.002) and with an AOB (P = 0.019) with an increasing obstructive apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI).These findings are in agreement with previous studies of the effects of increased upper airway resistance on dental arch morphology and can be explained by long-term changes in the position of the head, mandible, and tongue in order to maintain airway adequacy during sleep.