Flow Characteristics and Energy Loss of a Multistage Centrifugal Pump with Blade-Type Guide Vanes
Flow Characteristics and Energy Loss of a Multistage Centrifugal Pump with Blade-Type Guide Vanes
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叶片式导叶多级离心泵的流动特性和能量损失
DOI：
10.3390/jmse10020180
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Baoling Cui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lulu Zhai;Chao Lu;Jia Guo;Zuchao Zhu;Baoling Cui
叶片式导叶多级泵以其流量大、压力高、运行稳定性好等优点，广泛应用于海上石油、石油化工、煤化工、核电等领域。然而，这种泵的内部流动是复杂的；特别是不同阶段的水力、流量和压力脉动特性差异较大，这对该类泵的设计和性能预测有很大的影响。为此，本文对10级离心泵的水力性能、非定常流动特性、涡结构演变及压力脉动特性进行了数值研究。结果表明，在泵的各个阶段和整个泵体中，逆流、射流尾流和动静流体相互作用是造成能量损失和效率下降的关键因素。动-静相互作用区域的涡演化实际上是旋涡结构以与叶轮叶片通过频率相等的频率脱落并撞击导叶叶片前缘压力面的过程。此外，在带汇流腔的导叶作用下，末级导叶内的压力脉动含有大带宽的低频分量，主要是由于圆柱导叶出口的汇流扰动造成的。
Multistage pumps with blade-type guide vanes are widely used in offshore oil production, the petrochemical and coal-chemical industries, and nuclear power fields for its advantages of large flow rate, high pressure, and excellent operation stability. However, the internal flow of this kind of pump is complex; in particular, the hydraulic, flow, and pressure pulsation characteristics of the different stages are quite different, which has a great impact on the design and performance predictions of this kind of pump. Thus, in this paper, the hydraulic performance, unsteady flow characteristics, evolution of vortex structures and pressure pulsation characteristics in a 10 stage centrifugal pump are investigated numerically. The results show that inverse flow, jet-wake flow, and rotor-stator interaction flow are the key factors causing energy loss and efficiency decline at every stage and in the whole pump. The vortex evolution at the rotor–stator interaction regions is actually the process that the vortex structures fall off and impact on the pressure surface at the leading edge of the guide vane blade at a frequency that equals to the impeller blade passing frequency. Furthermore, under the actions of the guide vane with confluence cavity, the pressure pulsation within the final-stage guide vane contains low-frequency components with large bandwidths, which mainly results from the confluence flow disturbance at the outlet of the cylindrical guide passage.
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