Assessment of physical activity and energy expenditure: an overview of objective measures.
Assessment of physical activity and energy expenditure: an overview of objective measures.
复制标题
体育锻炼和能量消耗的评估：客观措施的概述。
DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2014.00005
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Byrne NM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hills AP;Mokhtar N;Byrne NM
评估自由生活个体的能量消耗（EE）和估计身体活动（PA）的能力在全球非传染性疾病（包括营养不良，营养过剩（肥胖）和糖尿病）的背景下非常重要。同样重要的是要认识到PA和EE是不同的结构，其中PA被定义为导致EE的任何身体运动，并且因此，由于PA而消耗能量。然而，总能量消耗，最好使用标准双标记水（DLW）技术评估，包括除体力活动能量消耗，即休息能量消耗和食物的热效应的组件。鉴于目前用于估计人类PA的评估技术数量众多，因此必须了解每种技术的相对优点。本综述的目的是提供有关PA的一系列客观指标的实用性和局限性及其与EE的关系的信息。讨论的指标包括基于EE或摄氧量（包括DLW）、活动能量消耗、体力活动水平和代谢当量的指标;基于心率监测和运动传感器的指标;以及由于其广泛使用，选择的主观指标。
The ability to assess energy expenditure (EE) and estimate physical activity (PA) in free-living individuals is extremely important in the global context of non-communicable diseases including malnutrition, overnutrition (obesity), and diabetes. It is also important to appreciate that PA and EE are different constructs with PA defined as any bodily movement that results in EE and accordingly, energy is expended as a result of PA. However, total energy expenditure, best assessed using the criterion doubly labeled water (DLW) technique, includes components in addition to physical activity energy expenditure, namely resting energy expenditure and the thermic effect of food. Given the large number of assessment techniques currently used to estimate PA in humans, it is imperative to understand the relative merits of each. The goal of this review is to provide information on the utility and limitations of a range of objective measures of PA and their relationship with EE. The measures discussed include those based on EE or oxygen uptake including DLW, activity energy expenditure, physical activity level, and metabolic equivalent; those based on heart rate monitoring and motion sensors; and because of their widespread use, selected subjective measures.