ASTROD and ASTROD I - Overview and progress
ASTROD and ASTROD I - Overview and progress
复制标题
DOI：
10.1142/s0218271808012619
复制
发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Ni, Wei-Tou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ni, Wei-Tou
本文对ASTROD （astrodynamic Space Test of Relativity using Optical Devices）和ASTROD I任务的概念和研究进行了综述。这些任务使用无拖曳航天器的深空激光测距来绘制太阳系的引力场图。太阳系引力场由三个因素决定：太阳系内物质的动态分布；太阳系外物质（银河、宇宙等）的动态分布以及在太阳系内传播的引力波。不同的引力相对论对太阳系引力做出了不同的预测。古人。因此，对太阳系引力的精确测量。除了引力波观测之外，我们还测试了这些相对论理论，确定了太阳系中的物质分布，并确定了我们银河系和宇宙的可观测（可测试）影响。测试和观测包括：(i)精确确定相对论参数β和γ，比以前的测量提高了3-5个数量级；（ii）测量G的1 -2个数量级的改进；（iii）精确测定任何指向太阳的异常恒定加速度a (a)；（iv）利用透镜-蒂林效应测量太阳角动量；(v)通过太阳重力变化探测太阳g模振荡。因此，提供了观察太阳内部的新视角；（六）精确测定行星轨道要素和质量；更好地确定主要小行星的轨道和质量；（八）50 μ Hz ~ 5 mHz频率范围内大质量黑洞和星系双星引力波的探测观测；（九）探索背景引力波。ASTROD的基本方案是在独立的太阳轨道上有两个航天器，在地球-太阳L1/L2点附近有一个航天器，携带一个证明质量的有效载荷，两个望远镜，两个带备件的1 - 2w激光器，一个时钟和一个使用激光相互相干测距的无拖曳系统。astrd I是ASTROD的第一步。它的计划是在金星引力辅助下的太阳轨道上发射一艘宇宙飞船，与地面站进行光学测距，虽然没有那么雄心勃勃，但仍然是重要的科学目标。
In this paper, we present an overview of ASTROD (Astrodynamical Space Test of Relativity using Optical Devices) and ASTROD I mission concepts and studies. The missions employ deep-space laser ranging using drag-free spacecraft to map the gravitational field in the solar-system. The solar-system gravitational field is determined by three factors: the dynamic distribution of matter in the solar system; the dynamic distribution of matter outside the solar system (galactic, cosmological, etc.) and gravitational waves propagating through the solar system. Different relativistic theories of gravity make different predictions of the solar-system gravitational. eld. Hence, precise measurements of the solar-system gravitational. eld test these relativistic theories, in addition to gravitational wave observations, determination of the matter distribution in the solar-system and determination of the observable (testable) influence of our galaxy and cosmos. The tests and observations include: (i) a precise determination of the relativistic parameters beta and gamma with 3-5 orders of magnitude improvement over previous measurements; (ii) a 1 -2 order of magnitude improvement in the measurement of G; (iii) a precise determination of any anomalous, constant acceleration A(a) directed towards the Sun; (iv) a measurement of solar angular momentum via the Lense-Thirring effect; (v) the detection of solar g-mode oscillations via their changing gravity. eld, thus, providing a new eye to see inside the Sun; (vi) precise determination of the planetary orbit elements and masses; (vii) better determination of the orbits and masses of major asteroids; (viii) detection and observation of gravitational waves from massive black holes and galactic binary stars in the frequency range 50 mu Hz to 5 mHz; and (ix) exploring background gravitational waves. The baseline scheme of ASTROD is to have two spacecraft in separate solar orbits and one spacecraft near the Earth -Sun L1/L2 point carrying a payload of a proof mass, two telescopes, two 1 -2 W lasers with spares, a clock and a drag-free system ranging coherently among one another using lasers. ASTROD I is a first step towards ASTROD. Its scheme is to have one spacecraft in a Venus-gravity-assisted solar orbit, ranging optically with ground stations with less ambitious, but still significant scientific goals.