Disease Risk & Landscape Attributes of Tick-Borne Borrelia Pathogens in the San Francisco Bay Area, California.
Disease Risk & Landscape Attributes of Tick-Borne Borrelia Pathogens in the San Francisco Bay Area, California.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0134812
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Lambin EF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Salkeld DJ;Nieto NC;Carbajales-Dale P;Carbajales-Dale M;Cinkovich SS;Lambin EF
生境异质性通过影响病媒丰度和水库宿主群落来影响病原体生态。我们调查了B型疏螺旋体中两种人类病原体的疾病风险的空间模式。burgdorferi和B. miyamotoi-由西方黑腿蜱，太平洋硬蜱传播。我们在美国加州州弗朗西斯科湾区的20个地点收集了蜱虫（349只，273只成年蜱虫）。蜱虫丰度、病原体患病率和感染若虫密度在不同地点和栖息地类型之间差异很大，尽管西部黑腿蜱若虫更常见，并且在海岸活橡树林和沙漠/半沙漠灌木丛中更丰富（以加州山艾树为主）栖息地。我们在能够收集>10只蜱的所有地点观察到蜱中的疏螺旋体感染。最近发现的人类病原体，B。miyamotoi，观察到在较高的患病率（13/349例，占3.7%，95%CI = 2.0-6.3; 5/273例成人= 1.8%，95% CI = 0.6-4.2）（阿拉米达县，旧金山弗朗西斯科湾以东），证明蜱传疾病的风险和生态在小的地理尺度上可以有很大的差异，对公共卫生和疾病诊断造成影响。
Habitat heterogeneity influences pathogen ecology by affecting vector abundance and the reservoir host communities. We investigated spatial patterns of disease risk for two human pathogens in the Borrelia genus–B. burgdorferi and B. miyamotoi–that are transmitted by the western black-legged tick, Ixodes pacificus. We collected ticks (349 nymphs, 273 adults) at 20 sites in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA. Tick abundance, pathogen prevalence and density of infected nymphs varied widely across sites and habitat type, though nymphal western black-legged ticks were more frequently found, and were more abundant in coast live oak forest and desert/semi-desert scrub (dominated by California sagebrush) habitats. We observed Borrelia infections in ticks at all sites where we able to collect >10 ticks. The recently recognized human pathogen, B. miyamotoi, was observed at a higher prevalence (13/349 nymphs = 3.7%, 95% CI = 2.0–6.3; 5/273 adults = 1.8%, 95% CI = 0.6–4.2) than recent studies from nearby locations (Alameda County, east of the San Francisco Bay), demonstrating that tick-borne disease risk and ecology can vary substantially at small geographic scales, with consequences for public health and disease diagnosis.