VMP1 and TMEM41B are essential for DMV formation during β-coronavirus infection.

VMP1 and TMEM41B are essential for DMV formation during β-coronavirus infection.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.202112081
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发表时间:
2022-06-06
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
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--
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其他
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Ji等人表明,自噬蛋白VMP 1和TMEM 41 B是β-冠状病毒感染所必需的,并且它们在DMV生物发生的不同步骤中发挥作用。TMEM 41 B参与nsp 3/4结合和ER拉链,而VMP 1对于将配对的ER弯曲成DMV是必需的。β-冠状病毒重塑宿主细胞内膜以形成用于基因组复制和转录的双膜囊泡(DMV)。异位表达的病毒非结构蛋白nsp 3和nsp 4相互作用以形成拉链并使ER弯曲以用于DMV的生物发生。全基因组筛选显示自噬蛋白VMP 1和TMEM 41 B是SARS-CoV-2感染的重要宿主因子。在这里,我们证明了由病毒感染或nsp 3/4表达诱导的DMV生物合成在VMP 1 KO或TMEM 41 B KO细胞中受损。在VMP 1 KO细胞中,nsp 3/4复合物正常形成,但拉链式ER未能闭合成DMV。在TMEM 41 B KO细胞中,nsp 3-nsp 4相互作用减少,DMV形成受到抑制。因此,VMP 1和TMEM 41 B在DMV形成期间的不同步骤起作用。VMP 1被证明可以调节跨膜磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)的分布。抑制PS合成部分挽救了VMP 1 KO细胞中的DMV缺陷,表明PS参与DMV形成。我们提供了分子的见解合作的宿主因子与病毒蛋白质重塑宿主细胞器。
Ji et al. show that the autophagy proteins VMP1 and TMEM41B are required for β-coronavirus infection, and they function at different steps during DMV biogenesis. TMEM41B is involved in nsp3/4 binding and ER zippering, while VMP1 is essential for bending the paired ER into DMVs. β-coronaviruses reshape host cell endomembranes to form double-membrane vesicles (DMVs) for genome replication and transcription. Ectopically expressed viral nonstructural proteins nsp3 and nsp4 interact to zipper and bend the ER for DMV biogenesis. Genome-wide screens revealed the autophagy proteins VMP1 and TMEM41B as important host factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we demonstrated that DMV biogenesis, induced by virus infection or expression of nsp3/4, is impaired in the VMP1 KO or TMEM41B KO cells. In VMP1 KO cells, the nsp3/4 complex forms normally, but the zippered ER fails to close into DMVs. In TMEM41B KO cells, the nsp3–nsp4 interaction is reduced and DMV formation is suppressed. Thus, VMP1 and TMEM41B function at different steps during DMV formation. VMP1 was shown to regulate cross-membrane phosphatidylserine (PS) distribution. Inhibiting PS synthesis partially rescues the DMV defects in VMP1 KO cells, suggesting that PS participates in DMV formation. We provide molecular insights into the collaboration of host factors with viral proteins to remodel host organelles.
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