The role of the 5′ untranslated regions of Potyviridae in translation
The role of the 5′ untranslated regions of Potyviridae in translation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.virusres.2015.02.005
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发表时间：
2015-08-03
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Rakotondrafara, Aurelie M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Jincan;Roberts, Robyn;Rakotondrafara, Aurelie M.
Potyviridae家族依赖于帽非依赖性翻译机制来促进蛋白质表达。马铃薯Y病毒科的病毒RNA的基因组结构类似于动物小核糖核酸病毒。病毒基因组缺少5'端帽结构。相反，它们具有共价连接到RNA的5'端的病毒蛋白VPg。病毒RNA编码单个大的多蛋白，然后切割成几个功能亚基。由于它们与小核糖核酸病毒科（Picornaviridae）具有共同的基因组结构，因此在很大程度上假定植物马铃薯Y病毒科（Potyviridae）的成员具有相似的翻译机制。我们将描述显着不同的翻译增强子内确定的家庭和他们独特的翻译机制，从内部招聘的核糖体核糖体扫描从5'端和招聘的VPG翻译。马铃薯Y病毒翻译增强子之间的分歧随着小麦花叶病毒（Triticum mosaic virus）的最近发现而加剧，小麦花叶病毒是马铃薯Y病毒科（Potyviridae）的非典型成员，其5'前导序列远远超过植物病毒前导序列的典型长度，并且包含通常在动物病毒中发现的特征。关于这些高度分化的元素如何使马铃薯Y病毒（包括一些最具破坏性的植物病毒）接管宿主翻译机构，还有很多东西有待了解。虽然在马铃薯Y病毒组元件中还没有明确的共有序列、结构或机制的报道，但需要更深入的研究来填补知识的差距。(C)2015 Elsevier B.V.版权所有。
The Potyviridae family relies on a cap-independent translation mechanism to facilitate protein expression. The genomic architecture of the viral RNAs of the Potyviridae family resembles those of the animal picornaviruses. The viral genomes lack a 5' cap structure. Instead, they have the viral protein VPg covalently linked to the 5' end of the RNA. The viral RNAs code for a single large polyprotein, which is then cleaved into several functional subunits. With their common genome organization with the Picornaviridae, it has been largely assumed that the members of the plant Potyviridae family share similar translation mechanism. We will describe the remarkably diverse translational enhancers identified within the family and their unique mechanisms of translation, from internal recruitment of the ribosomes to ribosomal scanning from the 5' end and the recruitment of the VPg in translation. The divergence among the potyviral translation enhancers is heightened with the recent discovery of Triticum mosaic virus, an atypical member of the Potyviridae family, for which its 5' leader by far exceeds the typical length of plant viral leaders and contains features typically found in animal viruses. Much remains to be learned on how these highly divergent elements enable potyviruses, which include some of the most damaging plant viruses, to take over the host translation apparatus. While no clear consensus sequence, structure or mechanism has been reported yet among the potyviral elements, more thorough studies are needed to fill in the gap of knowledge. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.