Exploratory findings with virtual reality for phantom limb pain; from stump motion to agency and analgesia
Exploratory findings with virtual reality for phantom limb pain; from stump motion to agency and analgesia
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DOI：
10.1080/09638280802355197
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Slater, David Henderson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cole, Jonathan;Crowle, Simon;Slater, David Henderson
目的。幻肢痛是一种慢性难治性疼痛。最近，虚拟现实（VR）和动作捕捉技术复制了Ramachandran的镜像盒装置（Ramachandran等）。自然科学，1995,37 (3):489-490；Ramachandran和Rogers-Ramachandran pror社会生物学，1996,263,377-386)，导致疼痛的减少。我们展示了这种方法的一种新变化的结果，该方法直接从患者的残肢（而不是使用相反的剩余肢体）捕获运动数据，然后将其转换为目标导向的虚拟动作，由虚拟现实环境中的化身实施。“手臂”（n = 7）和“腿”（n = 7）截肢的受试者样本接受了虚拟现实（VR）系统的试验，该系统通过从他们的残肢捕获的动作来控制，这些动作被转换为虚拟现实环境中的虚拟肢体的动作。在练习前和练习过程中，当患者试图获得他们所看到的运动的代理时，幻肢的疼痛测量被引出，并感受到肢体的体现。在此之后，每个受试者都接受了关于他们的经历的采访。每组五名受试者感觉虚拟肢体被他们移动，并在其中感受到运动的感觉。他们还报告说，通过这种方法，他们幻肢疼痛的减轻程度比单纯分心的预期要大。未见结转效应。这项技术已经显示出与虚拟镜盒试验相似的成功率，相对便宜且便携，并将允许在家庭环境中进行进一步的试验。
Purpose. Phantom limb pain is chronic and intractable. Recently, virtual reality (VR) and motion capture technology has replicated the mirror box device of Ramachandran (Ramachandran et al. Nature 1995, 377, 489-490; Ramachandran and Rogers-Ramachandran Proc R Soc Biol Sci 1996, 263, 377-386) and led to reductions in this pain. We present results from a novel variation on this method which captures motion data directly from a patient's stump (rather than using the opposite remaining limb) and then transforms it into goal directed, virtual action enacted by an avatar in a VR environment.Method. A sample of subjects with 'arm' (n = 7) and 'leg' (n = 7) amputations underwent trials of a virtual reality (VR) system, controlled by motion captured from their stump which was translated into movements of a virtual limb within the VR environment. Measures of pain in the phantom limb were elicited from patients before and during this exercise as they attempted to gain agency for the movement they saw, and feel embodied within the limb. After this each subject was interviewed about their experiences.Results. Five subjects in each group felt the virtual limb to be moved by them and felt sensations of movement within it. With this they also reported reductions in their phantom limb pain greater than expected from distraction alone. No carry over effect was seen.Conclusions. This technique, which has shown similar success rates to trials of a virtual mirror box, is relatively cheap and portable, and will allow further trials in a home environment.