Informal HIV caregiving in a vulnerable population: toward a network resource framework
Informal HIV caregiving in a vulnerable population: toward a network resource framework
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00130-2
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Knowlton, AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knowlton, AR
对于受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响最严重的贫困社区和往往被污名化的社区来说，非正规教育的需要对本已有限的资源提出了巨大的需求。传统的理论框架强调护理需求是推动非正式就业的动力。拟议的理论框架强调微观社会过程，可能会影响经济弱势群体之间的非正式就业。该研究审查了：（1）网络结构因素（同质性），可能会影响关系的可用性和当地的社会文化表达的关系（社会角色，行为规范）和（2）的作用，财政资源，使非正式advertising.Low收入，非裔美国人注射毒品使用的艾滋病毒/艾滋病（PLHAs）的人和他们的主要艾滋病毒支持者进行了采访。支持者主要是女性（71%），血亲（59%）和伴侣或朋友（41%）。与一般美国人口相比，支持者不成比例地感染艾滋病毒，吸毒，健康状况不佳和社会经济地位低下的非洲裔美国人。与那些认为没有护理需要的人相比，认为他们的PLHA关系需要非正式护理的支持者报告药物使用史、功能限制（IADL）、较高收入和PLHA经济依赖的可能性是两倍多。支持者报告的护理提供与他们的经济资源有关，但与PLHA的健康状况无关。艾滋病支持者报告的护理提供受经济因素的影响，符合所提出的理论框架，而艾滋病感染者报告的护理接受符合传统的基于“需要”的框架。结果表明，需要加强受艾滋病毒影响的弱势群体的网络财政资源，以促进和维持他们的非正式艾滋病毒传播的方案。研究结果可能有助于理解非正式的社交过程。以网络资源为导向的研究可以确定社区的预防能力，并指导制定干预措施，以促进弱势群体的艾滋病毒预防。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司。保留所有权利。
For the impoverished and often stigmatized communities most affected by HIV/AIDS, needs for informal caregiving present tremendous demands on already limited resources. Traditional theoretical frameworks emphasize care needs as driving informal caregiving. The proposed theoretical framework emphasizes microsocial processes that may affect informal caregiving among economically disadvantaged populations. The study examined: (1) network structural factors (homophily) that may affect availability of ties and local sociocultural expression of ties (social roles, behavioral norms) and (2) the role of financial resources in enabling informal caregiving.Low income, African American injection drug using persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs) and their primary HIV supporters were interviewed. Supporters were predominantly female (71%), consanguineal kin (59%) and partners or friends (41 %). Compared to the general US population, supporters were disproportionately HIV-infected, drug using, African Americans of poor health and low socioeconomic status. Supporters who perceived their PLHA tie needed informal care, compared to those who perceived no care need, were more than twice as likely to report a history of drug use, functional limitation (IADLs), higher income, and PLHA's financial reliance. Supporters' reported care provision was associated with their financial resources, but not PLHAs' health status. PLHAs' reported care receipt was associated only with their health status.HIV supporters' reported care provision was affected by financial factors, consistent with the proposed theoretical framework, while PLHAs' perceptions of care receipt conformed to traditional "needs"-based frameworks of caregiving. Results suggest that programs are needed to bolster network financial resources of disadvantaged populations affected by HIV to promote and sustain their informal HIV caregiving. Findings may aid in the understanding of informal caregiving as a social process. Network resource-oriented research may allow for ascertainment of community caregiving capacity, and guide the development of interventions to promote HIV caregiving in disadvantaged populations. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.