Mortality from cancer and other causes in commercial airline crews: a joint analysis of cohorts from 10 countries
Mortality from cancer and other causes in commercial airline crews: a joint analysis of cohorts from 10 countries
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DOI：
10.1136/oemed-2013-101395
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Blettner, Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hammer, Gael P.;Auvinen, Anssi;Blettner, Maria
背景 商业航空公司机组人员是电离辐射暴露最高的职业群体之一。船员还面临其他身体风险因素，并可能受到昼夜节律的干扰。 方法 本研究分析了来自 10 个国家的 93771 名船员的死亡率。该队列的平均随访时间为 21.7 年（200 万人年），期间发生 5508 例死亡。 结果 男性驾驶舱 (SMR 0.56) 和女性机组人员 (SMR 0.73) 的总体死亡率大幅降低。男性机组人员的辐射相关癌症死亡率也有所降低（SMR 0.73），但女性或男性机组人员的死亡率并未降低（SMR 分别为 1.01 和 1.00）。女性乳腺癌（SMR 1.06）、白血病和脑癌的死亡率与一般人群相似。恶性黑色素瘤的死亡率升高，尤其是男性驾驶舱机组人员（SMR 1.57）。心血管疾病死亡率大幅降低（SMR 0.46）。另一方面，飞机事故造成的死亡率非常高（SMR 33.9），男性机组人员死于艾滋病的死亡率也很高（SMR 14.0）。 结论 这项具有高度完整随访的大型研究表明，男性驾驶舱和女性机组人员的总体死亡率降低，飞机事故死亡率增加，驾驶舱机组人员恶性皮肤黑色素瘤死亡率增加。建议在更长时间的随访后进一步分析。
Background Commercial airline crew is one of the occupational groups with the highest exposures to ionising radiation. Crew members are also exposed to other physical risk factors and subject to potential disruption of circadian rhythms.Methods This study analyses mortality in a pooled cohort of 93771 crew members from 10 countries. The cohort was followed for a mean of 21.7years (2.0 million person-years), during which 5508 deaths occurred.Results The overall mortality was strongly reduced in male cockpit (SMR 0.56) and female cabin crews (SMR 0.73). The mortality from radiation-related cancers was also reduced in male cockpit crew (SMR 0.73), but not in female or male cabin crews (SMR 1.01 and 1.00, respectively). The mortality from female breast cancer (SMR 1.06), leukaemia and brain cancer was similar to that of the general population. The mortality from malignant melanoma was elevated, and significantly so in male cockpit crew (SMR 1.57). The mortality from cardiovascular diseases was strongly reduced (SMR 0.46). On the other hand, the mortality from aircraft accidents was exceedingly high (SMR 33.9), as was that from AIDS in male cabin crew (SMR 14.0).Conclusions This large study with highly complete follow-up shows a reduced overall mortality in male cockpit and female cabin crews, an increased mortality of aircraft accidents and an increased mortality in malignant skin melanoma in cockpit crew. Further analysis after longer follow-up is recommended.