Exploring the immune response, tolerance and resistance in proliferative kidney disease of salmonids
Exploring the immune response, tolerance and resistance in proliferative kidney disease of salmonids
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dci.2018.09.015
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Segner, Helmut
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bailey, Christyn;Strepparava, Nicole;Segner, Helmut
鲑鱼的增殖性肾病（PKD）是一种由粘虫寄生虫 Teo-acapsuloides bryosalmonae 引起的经济和环境问题。虹鳟鱼 (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 已阐明了 T. bryosalmonae 感染过程中免疫系统的更多细节。相比之下，关于欧洲野生鱼类宿主褐鳟（Salmo trutta）对这种寄生虫的免疫反应，仍有许多悬而未决的问题。这项研究的首要目的是检查褐鳟鱼对斑鲑鱼的免疫反应，并将其与已发表的关于虹鳟鱼的信息进行比较，这两个物种与寄生虫经历了不同的共同进化。根据生态免疫学术语，受感染的生物体可以通过减少寄生虫造成的损害（耐受性）或限制寄生虫负担（抵抗性）来控制感染。本研究的第二个目的是调查这些物种在 PKD 感染期间的耐受/耐药模式。我们的结果表明，与虹鳟鱼相比，褐鳟鱼的免疫反应和与寄生虫强度相关的免疫基因在 B 细胞反应和可能与 PKD 发病机制相关的 Th 样相互作用方面存在细微差异。免疫反应的这些差异也与耐受/抗性模式的物种特异性差异相关，因为褐鳟具有更高的耐受性，但虹鳟对感染具有更强的抵抗力。耐受性/抗性投资的差异导致每种宿主-寄生虫相互作用产生不同的进化结果。对这些概念和免疫机制的关联进行更深入的探索可以为解释鱼类宿主与寄生虫的相互作用开辟新的途径。
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) of salmonids is a disease of economic and environmental concern caused by the myxozoan parasite Teo-acapsuloides bryosalmonae. Finer details of the immune repertoire during T. bryosalmonae infection have been elucidated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In contrast, there remain many unanswered questions regarding the immune response of the wild fish host in Europe, the brown trout (Salmo trutta) to this parasite. The first aim of this study is to examine the brown trout immune response to T. bryosalmonae and compare it with the published information on rainbow trout as two species that have undergone a different coevolution with the parasite. According to ecoimmunology terminology, infected organisms may manage infection by reducing the damage caused by parasites (tolerance) or by limiting parasite burden (resistance). The second aim of this study is to investigate tolerance/resistance patterns of these species during PKD infection. Our results suggest subtle differences in sequential aspects of the immune response and of immune genes that correlate with parasite intensity for the brown trout, in contrast to rainbow trout, in terms of the B cell response and Th-like interplay that may be linked to PKD pathogenesis. These differences in the immune response also correlate with species -specific differences in tolerance/resistance patterns, in that brown trout had increased tolerance but rainbow trout had greater resistance to infection. The variance in tolerance/resistance investment resulted in a different evolutionary outcome for each host-parasite interaction. A greater exploration of these concepts and an association of immune mechanisms could open an additional gateway for interpreting fish host-parasite interactions.