Areas of Interest as a Signal Detection Problem in Behavioral Eye-Tracking Research
Areas of Interest as a Signal Detection Problem in Behavioral Eye-Tracking Research
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DOI：
10.1002/bdm.1867
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Clarke, Alasdair D. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Orquin, Jacob L.;Ashby, Nathaniel J. S.;Clarke, Alasdair D. F.
决策研究人员经常分析对个别对象的注意，以检验关于潜在认知过程的假设。通常，使用一种称为感兴趣区域(AOI)的方法将注视指定给对象。理想情况下，AOI包括属于一个对象的所有注视，而排除对其他对象的注视。不幸的是，由于测量不准确和对象之间的距离不足，对对象的注视的分布可能会重叠，从而导致信号检测问题。如果AOI要包括对一个对象的所有注视，它还可能包括属于其他对象的注视(假阳性)。在一项调查中，我们发现许多研究人员报告说，在进行分析时测试了多种AOI大小，大概是试图平衡真阳性和假阳性注视的比例。为了测试AOI的大小是否会影响对物体注意力的测量和关于认知过程得出的结论，我们重新分析了四项已发表的研究，并根据我们的目的进行了第五项研究。我们发现，在我们预期重叠注视分布的研究中，分析受益于较小的AOI大小(0度视角边缘)。在我们预计不会重叠的研究中，分析受益于更大的AOI尺寸(>；.5度视角边距)。最后，我们给出了AOI在行为眼球跟踪研究中的使用指南。版权所有(C)2015 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
Decision researchers frequently analyze attention to individual objects to test hypotheses about underlying cognitive processes. Generally, fixations are assigned to objects using a method known as area of interest (AOI). Ideally, an AOI includes all fixations belonging to an object while fixations to other objects are excluded. Unfortunately, due to measurement inaccuracy and insufficient distance between objects, the distributions of fixations to objects may overlap, resulting in a signal detection problem. If the AOI is to include all fixations to an object, it will also likely include fixations belonging to other objects (false positives). In a survey, we find that many researchers report testing multiple AOI sizes when performing analyses, presumably trying to balance the proportion of true and false positive fixations. To test whether AOI size influences the measurement of object attention and conclusions drawn about cognitive processes, we reanalyze four published studies and conduct a fifth tailored to our purpose. We find that in studies in which we expected overlapping fixation distributions, analyses benefited from smaller AOI sizes (0 degrees visual angle margin). In studies where we expected no overlap, analyses benefited from larger AOI sizes (>.5 degrees visual angle margins). We conclude with a guideline for the use of AOIs in behavioral eye-tracking research. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.