The link between metazoan diversity and paleo-oxygenation in the early Cambrian: An integrated palaeontological and geochemical record from the eastern Three Gorges Region of South China
The link between metazoan diversity and paleo-oxygenation in the early Cambrian: An integrated palaeontological and geochemical record from the eastern Three Gorges Region of South China
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后寒武世早期后生动物多样性与古氧化的联系：华南三峡东部地区古生物和地球化学综合记录
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.12.007
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Steiner Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Lei;Chang Shan;Khan Maliha Zareen;Feng Qinglai;Danelian Taniel;Clausen Sebastien;Tribovillard Nicolas;Steiner Michael
在“寒武纪生物多样性”事件期间，环境扰动，特别是海洋氧化还原条件与进化之间的联系仍然存在很大争议，尽管这个问题几十年来一直引起相当大的关注。本文报道了在三峡东部罗家村剖面和乔家坪剖面出露的岩家河组和水井沱组最上部发现的早寒武世生物群化石记录。严家河组上段含有丰富的底栖藻类。根据化石记录，水井沱组可划分为4个不同的层段：Ⅰ层段中发现了少量海绵等无柄浮游动物，Ⅱ层段中以生活在水体中的双壳类节肢动物为主，还发现了少量海绵和eodiscoid三叶虫，Ⅲ层段中除发现少量海绵骨针外，未发现其它化石; iv）由海绵、刺胞动物、腕足动物以及bradoriids组成的多样的底栖生物群落占优势的间隔IV。通过对罗家村剖面的草莓状黄铁矿形态、全岩地球化学和原位LA-ICP-MS分析等综合研究，对古氧化还原条件进行了评价。结果表明，古氧化还原条件的整体演变的特点是由一个双插曲的急剧缺氧事件（AE）观察到的基础上的间隔I和III，其次是逐渐氧化事件（OE）。检测到氧合波动的证据，尤其是在间期IV内。本文介绍了一个案例研究，它汇集了早寒武世后生动物多样性的变化和环境条件的变化。这表明，三峡东部限制性流域水体的周期性充氧增加了生物多样性。因此，四个时间间隔的栖息地演替可以初步重建在研究区的寒武纪年龄2-年龄3的时间间隔，表明从无人居住的沉积物过渡到人口稠密的栖息地。最后，寒武纪AE/OE的时间和空间特征与中国南方的化石记录进行了比较，并在其特定的古地理背景下讨论了它们之间的联系。
The link between environmental perturbations, especially oceanic redox conditions, and evolution during the “Cambrian Biodiversification” event is still highly controversial, although this issue has attracted considerable attention for decades. We here report on the fossil record of the early Cambrian biota discovered in the uppermost Yanjiahe and Shuijingtuo formations that crop out in the Luojiacun and Qiaojiaping sections, eastern Three Gorges area, South China. The uppermost member of the Yanjiahe Formation contains abundant benthic algae. Based on the fossil record, four distinct intervals were recognized in the Shuijingtuo Formation:i) few sessile suspension feeders, such as sponges, were recovered from Interval I;ii) Interval II is dominated by bivalved arthropods living in the water column; in this interval are also found a few sponges and eodiscoid trilobites,iii) no fossils other than few sponge spicules were recovered from Interval III;iv) diverse benthic communities composed of sponges, cnidarians, brachiopods, as well as bradoriids dominate Interval IV. Comprehensive research on framboidal pyrite morphology, whole rock geochemistry, as well asin-situLA-ICP-MS analyses were carried out on samples from the Luojiacun section in order to assess paleo-redox conditions. The results show that the overall evolution of the paleo-redox conditions was characterized by a double episode of sharp anoxic events (AE) observed at the base of intervals I and III, followed by a gradual oxygenation event (OE). Evidence of oxygenation fluctuations were detected, especially within Interval IV. A case study is presented herein, which brings together early Cambrian changes in metazoan diversity and changes in environmental conditions. It is suggested that periodical oxygenation of the water column increased the biological diversity in the restricted basins of the eastern Three Gorges. Thus, four intervals of habitat succession can be tentatively reconstructed in the studied area for the Cambrian Age 2–Age 3 interval indicating a transition from uninhabited sediments to well-populated habitats. Finally, both the temporal and spatial characteristics of the Cambrian AEs/OEs and the fossil record in South China are compared and links between them are discussed in the context of their specific paleo-geographical setting.
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DOI：
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