Object individuation in 3-day-old chicks: use of property and spatiotemporal information
Object individuation in 3-day-old chicks: use of property and spatiotemporal information
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01074.x
复制
发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Vallortigara, Giorgio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fontanari, Laura;Rugani, Rosa;Vallortigara, Giorgio
对新生家养鸡进行对象个性化研究。在一系列的五个实验中，小鸡自发地倾向于接近更大的一群熟悉的物体。在第一个实验中，雏鸡在不同颜色、形状和大小的物体上饲养3天。在测试中，每只小鸡都看到了两组事件：两个物体在一个属性上不同，而两个物体的表现是相同的。在这两种情况下，涉及同一组事件的所有对象都顺序呈现并最终隐藏在不同的空间位置，并且在每个位置发生的事件数量是相等的。小鸡会自发地接近两个不同的物体，而不是两次看到的单一物体。当每组事件的两个元素同时呈现时，雏鸡并不会选择更多样化的组合（实验2）。当同时呈现两个不同的物体时，同时呈现三个相同的物体时，雏鸟成功了（实验3），尽管如果它们熟悉最多三个相同的物体，则连续呈现两个不同的物体与三次呈现一个物体时雏鸟失败了（实验4）。相反，如果小鸡熟悉了彼此不同的物体，它们就会成功（实验5）。因此，这些幼鸟被证明能够利用属性和时空信息进行对象个性化。
Object individuation was investigated in newborn domestic chicks. Chicks' spontaneous tendency to approach the larger group of familiar objects was exploited in a series of five experiments. In the first experiment newborn chicks were reared for 3 days with objects differing in either colour, shape or size. At test, each chick was presented with two groups of events: two objects differing in one property vs. two presentations of the same object. In both cases, all objects involved in the same group of events were sequentially presented and eventually concealed in a different spatial location, and the number of events taking place at each location was equalized. Chicks spontaneously approached the two different objects rather than the single object seen twice. Chicks did not just prefer the more varied set as they did not choose it when the two elements of each group of events were simultaneously presented (Experiment 2). Chicks succeeded when two different objects simultaneously presented were confronted with three identical ones simultaneously presented (Experiment 3), though they failed with sequential presentation of two different objects vs. one object presented three times if they had been familiarized with up to three identical objects (Experiment 4). Chicks instead succeeded if they had been familiarized with objects that were all different from one another (Experiment 5). These young birds thus proved able to use property and spatiotemporal information for object individuation.