A multi-environmental study of recent breeding progress on nitrogen use efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
A multi-environmental study of recent breeding progress on nitrogen use efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00122-013-2191-9
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Le Gouis, Jacques
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cormier, Fabien;Faure, Sebastien;Le Gouis, Jacques
本研究通过8个试验比较了195个品种在高氮和低氮条件下对欧洲冬小麦氮素利用效率的提高，在欧洲农业实践必须处理环境问题和氮肥（N肥）成本的背景下，氮素利用效率（NUE）必须提高。本研究对冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）NUE。225个欧洲优良品种在4种环境下，在两个氮水平下进行试验。全球遗传进展的加性遗传值和基因型× N的相互作用进行了评估，涵盖25年的欧洲育种。为避免取样偏倚，在需要时，将质量、早熟性和株高作为协变量添加到分析中。基因型x环境的相互作用是非常显着的所有性状研究到这样的程度，没有加性遗传效应的氮吸收检测。基因型× N互作对产量、籽粒蛋白质含量、秸秆氮浓度、氮素利用率和氮素利用效率均有显著影响。籽粒产量的提高（+0.45%年（-1））与施氮量无关. GPC稳定，籽粒氮素产量提高（-1年+0.39%）.氮收获指数（+0.12%年（-1））和秸秆中氮浓度（-0.52%年（-1））的遗传进展可能表明氮再动员的改善。NUE加性遗传值（+0.33%年（-1））的提高与更好的氮利用（+0.20%年（-1））有关。与高氮条件相比，低氮条件下NUE显著提高，从而提高了产量稳定性。这些结果的育种计划的应用进行了讨论。
By comparing 195 varieties in eight trials, this study assesses nitrogen use efficiency improvement in high and low nitrogen conditions in European winter wheat over the last 25 years.In a context where European agriculture practices have to deal with environmental concerns and nitrogen (N) fertiliser cost, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has to be improved. This study assessed genetic progress in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) NUE. Two hundred and twenty-five European elite varieties were tested in four environments under two levels of N. Global genetic progress was assessed on additive genetic values and on genotype x N interaction, covering 25 years of European breeding. To avoid sampling bias, quality, precocity and plant height were added as covariates in the analyses when needed. Genotype x environment interactions were highly significant for all the traits studied to such an extent that no additive genetic effect was detected on N uptake. Genotype x N interactions were significant for yield, grain protein content (GPC), N concentration in straw, N utilisation, and NUE. Grain yield improvement (+0.45 % year(-1)) was independent of the N treatment. GPC was stable, thus grain nitrogen yield was improved (+0.39 % year(-1)). Genetic progress on N harvest index (+0.12 % year(-1)) and on N concentration in straw (-0.52 % year(-1)) possibly revealed improvement in N remobilisation. There has been an improvement of NUE additive genetic value (+0.33 % year(-1)) linked to better N utilisation (+0.20 % year(-1)). Improved yield stability was detected as a significant improvement of NUE in low compared to high N conditions. The application of these results to breeding programs is discussed.