Scotland and the British Empire
Scotland and the British Empire
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苏格兰和大英帝国
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199573240.003.0004
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Craig C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Craig C
苏格兰在18世纪的启蒙运动期间经历了一次非同寻常的智力繁荣。为了理解这种繁荣，有必要理解它的背景，苏格兰与欧洲的联系，以及它的教育制度的独特特征。苏格兰知识分子成为自然移民，在许多欧洲国家都能找到他们的身影。随着大英帝国的扩张，这样的知识分子移民在13个殖民地以及印度和后来的领土、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和南非都被发现处于非常有影响力的位置。在整个帝国中，他们在大学和许多其他机构和教育机构的建立和人员配备方面发挥了非常重要的作用，往往主导着哲学等关键学科。
Scotland experienced an extraordinary intellectual flowering during the Enlightenment of the eighteenth century. To understand this flowering, it is necessary to comprehend the background, the Scottish connections with Europe, and the distinctive character of its educational system. Scottish intellectuals became natural migrants and were to be found in many European countries. With the expansion of the British empire, such intellectual migrants were to be found in highly influential positions in the thirteen colonies as well as in India and later the ‘dominions’, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and also South Africa. Throughout the empire they were very significant in the founding and staffing of universities and many other institutions and educational establishments, often dominating key disciplines, such as philosophy.