The resistance of varroa mites (Acari: Varroidae) to acaricides and the presence of esterase
The resistance of varroa mites (Acari: Varroidae) to acaricides and the presence of esterase
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DOI：
10.1080/01647950508684419
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Finley, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sammataro, D;Untalan, P;Finley, J
瓦螨（破坏瓦螨 Anderson 和 Trueman，2000）通过代谢和/或靶位点不敏感性而对杀螨剂产生抗药性。 Carl Hayden AZ 实验室和五个地点（亚利桑那州、加利福尼亚州、佛罗里达州、缅因州、北达科他州）的合作者对螨虫的调查结果表明，2003 年春季，一些螨虫对所有三种杀螨剂（双甲脒、蝇毒磷、氟胺氰菊酯）都敏感，但到了秋季，大多数螨虫都产生了抗药性。螨虫对所有化学物质都有抵抗力，即使是那些不使用杀螨剂处理蜂群的养蜂人。我们使用酯酶天然活性来测试可能与瓦螨的农药抗性有关的特定酯酶的存在。所有测试的螨虫均具有酯酶阳性条带，甚至对某些杀螨剂表现出敏感性的螨虫也是如此。基于易感性和交叉抗性 V 破坏子的酯酶活性凝胶谱之间的差异，酯酶介导的抗性机制可能在我们分析的螨群体中发挥作用。然而，可能存在其他抗性机制的组合，这使得酯酶活性凝胶方法在鉴定具有多重抗性的瓦螨时不可靠。
Varroa mites (Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman, 2000) are becoming resistant to acaricide treatments via metabolic and/or target site desensitivity. Results of a survey of mites from the Carl Hayden AZ lab and from cooperators in five locations (Arizona, California, Florida, Maine, North Dakota) showed that some mites were susceptible to all three acaricides (Amitraz, Coumaphos, Fluvalinate) in the spring of 2003, but by fall most mites were resistant. Mites were resistant to all chemicals, even from beekeepers that do not treat colonies with acaricides. We used esterase native activity gets to test for the presence of specific esterases which might be involved in pesticide resistance in varroa. All mites tested had positive bands for esterase, even those exhibiting susceptibility to some acaricides. Based on the differences between the esterase activity gel profile of the susceptible and cross-resistant V destructor, it is possible that an esterase-mediated resistance mechanism is operative in the population of the mites we analyzed. However, a combination of other resistance mechanisms may be present which make the esterase activity gel method unreliable for use in identifying varroa mites with multiple resistance.