The Excavation of the Bee Low Round Cairn, Youlgreave, Derbyshire
The Excavation of the Bee Low Round Cairn, Youlgreave, Derbyshire
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德比郡尤尔格里夫的蜜蜂低圆石冢的发掘
DOI：
10.1017/s0003581500031887
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发表时间：
1970
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Barry M. Marsden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barry M. Marsden
自托马斯·贝特曼（Thomas Bateman） 1843年至1860年的活动以来，对德比郡峰区烧杯时期的调查很少。这篇论文描述了1966年至1968年间，贝特曼在1843年和1851年对一个烧杯圆形石堆Bee Low的挖掘。这次挖掘提供的证据表明，在大约300年的时间里，烧杯者和后来的社区几乎一直在使用这个土丘。最早的墓葬（约公元前1700年）是一个由6个或更多的人组成的集体葬葬，葬在一个装有全绳烧杯的石棺中，这是一种迄今为止在山顶没有出现过的陶器类型。总的来说，从这个遗址中记录了23次土葬和5次火化，还有N2（发达的北方）、S2（发达的南方）和S4（最终的南方）类型的烧杯，最后一种类型的烧杯以前在该地区的烧杯环境中没有确切的记录。埋葬习俗包括集体埋葬、蹲伏埋葬和分开埋葬。只有一次火葬与金属有关——一个青铜锥子——但两次火葬都提供了青铜、一个锥子和一把铆接的小刀。这个微型墓地的发掘大大增加了人们对新石器时代晚期/青铜时代早期顶峰文化的了解。
Summary There has been little investigation into the beaker period in the Derbyshire Peak District since Thomas Bateman's activities between 1843–60. This paper describes the excavation, between 1966–8, of Bee Low, a beaker round cairn imperfectly examined by Bateman in 1843 and 1851. The excavation produced evidence of almost continuous usage of the mound by beaker and later communities over a period of some 300 years. The earliest burials (c. 1700 B.C.) were a collective group of six or more inhumations in a stone cist with an All-Over-Cord beaker, a pottery type hitherto unrepresented in the Peak. In all, twenty-three inhumations and five cremations were recorded from the cairn, with further beakers of types N2 (Developed Northern), S2 (Developed Southern), and S4 (Final Southern), the last a further type not previously recorded with certainty in beaker contexts in the area. Burial customs included collective, crouched, and disarticulated interment. Only one inhumation had a metal association—a bronze awl—but two cremations were provided with bronzes, an awl and a small riveted knife. The excavation of this miniature necropolis has added considerably to present knowledge of the Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age cultures of the Peak.