Utilizing environmental DNA for fish eradication effectiveness monitoring in streams
Utilizing environmental DNA for fish eradication effectiveness monitoring in streams
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利用环境 DNA 监测溪流中的鱼类消灭效果
DOI：
10.1007/s10530-019-02056-z
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
S. Blankenship
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Schumer;K. Crowley;Erica Maltz;Myfanwy Johnston;P. Anders;S. Blankenship
引进非本地鱼类有可能造成重大的经济和生态损失。在美国西部，由于竞争和杂交，非原生河豚(Salvelinus Fontinaris)被广泛存在，并对牛哈鱼(Salvelinus Confluentus)的生存构成威胁。在俄勒冈州东部的马赫尔分水岭，小溪鲑鱼被确定为限制欧空局列入名单的牛哈鱼复苏的一个因素，管理人员正在努力根除小溪鲑鱼。根除工作的关键是可靠的监测，以确保成功。传统的监测做法包括围网、网和电捕等机械抽样方法，所有这些方法都是劳动密集型的，可靠性有限。环境DNA(EDNA)是生物体自然脱落的遗传物质，可以在大量环境样本中找到，而不需要分离单个生物体。EDNA的采样通常比传统方法花费更少的时间和费用，这使其成为在根除鱼类努力后进行有效性监测的理想方法。这项研究将一条鱼放在活体汽车中，在那里该物种不存在，并使用埃德纳抽样来推断下游检测到的可能性。结果表明，当采集多个样本时，可以可靠地检测到下游500米处的一条鱼。这种EDNA抽样方法使管理人员能够可靠和快速地进行根除效果监测，也可用于发现新的鱼类入侵以及稀有或隐蔽物种。
Introductions of non-native fish have the potential to cause substantial economic and ecological losses. In the western United States, non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) are widely established and pose a threat to the persistence of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), a native char listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act, due to competition and hybridization. With brook trout identified as a factor limiting the recovery of ESA-listed bull trout in the Malheur Watershed of eastern Oregon, managers are pursuing brook trout eradication efforts. Key to the eradication efforts is reliable monitoring to ensure success. Traditional monitoring practices have included mechanical sampling methods such as seining, netting, and electrofishing, all of which are labor intensive and limited in reliability. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is genetic material naturally shed by organisms that can be found in bulk environmental samples without isolating individual organisms. Sampling for eDNA can often be done with less time and expense than traditional methods, making it ideal for effectiveness monitoring following fish eradication efforts. This study placed a single fish in a live-car where the species was not otherwise present and used eDNA sampling to infer the likelihood of detection downstream. Results suggest that a single fish can be detected reliably up to 500 m downstream when multiple samples are taken. This eDNA sampling method provides managers with the ability to conduct eradication effectiveness monitoring reliably and rapidly and may also be used to detect new fish invasions as well as rare or cryptic species.