Adaptive heading performance during self-motion perception
Adaptive heading performance during self-motion perception
复制标题
自运动感知过程中的自适应航向性能
DOI：
10.1002/pchj.330
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Zhang Tao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuang Shenbing;Deng Hu;Zhang Tao
先前的研究已经证明，自我运动方向的感知可以从视网膜上的图像运动模式（也称为光流）中提取出来。自我运动感知保持稳定，即使当视线同时从身体/眼睛旋转转移时，光流信息被扭曲。这被解释为视网膜外信号——眼睛/身体运动的影响拷贝——参与了对视网膜畸变的补偿。在这里，我们测试了一种替代假说的外视网膜解释。我们假设准确的自我运动感知可以通过经验获得的纯粹基于光流的视觉策略来实现，独立于视网膜外机制。为了验证这一点，我们要求人类受试者在正常的光流（注视条件）或由真实的（追逐条件）或模拟的（模拟条件）眼动引起的扭曲的光流下执行自我运动方向识别任务。任务的执行有两种，一种是没有（训练前和训练后），另一种是有（训练期间）关于正确答案的反馈。我们首先重复了之前的观察，即在训练前，在光流扭曲和视网膜外眼动信号缺失的模拟条件下，方向感知受到极大损害。我们进一步发现，经过几次训练后，最初的方向感知障碍逐渐得到改善。这些结果表明，行为训练可以强制利用视网膜信号来补偿扭曲，而不需要视网膜外信号的贡献。我们的研究结果表明，自我运动知觉是一个灵活和适应性的过程，可能取决于相关皮质区域的神经可塑性。
Previous studies have documented that the perception of self‐motion direction can be extracted from the patterns of image motion on the retina (also termedoptic flow). Self‐motion perception remains stable even when the optic‐flow information is distorted by concurrent gaze shifts from body/eye rotations. This has been interpreted that extraretinal signals—efference copies of eye/body movements—are involved in compensating for retinal distortions. Here, we tested an alternative hypothesis to the extraretinal interpretation. We hypothesized that accurate self‐motion perception can be achieved from a purely optic‐flow‐based visual strategy acquired through experience, independent of extraretinal mechanism. To test this, we asked human subjects to perform a self‐motion direction discrimination task under normal optic flow (fixation condition) or distorted optic flow resulted from either realistic (pursuit condition) or simulated (simulated condition) eye movements. The task was performed either without (pre‐ and posttraining) or with (during training) the feedback about the correct answer. We first replicated the previous observation that before training, direction perception was greatly impaired in the simulated condition where the optic flow was distorted and extraretinal eye movement signals were absent. We further showed that after a few training sessions, the initial impairment in direction perception was gradually improved. These results reveal that behavioral training can enforce the exploitation of retinal cues to compensate for the distortion, without the contribution from the extraretinal signals. Our results suggest that self‐motion perception is a flexible and adaptive process which might depend on neural plasticity in relevant cortical areas.