Measurement and Analysis of the Microphysical Properties of Arctic Precipitation Showing Frequent Occurrence of Riming

Measurement and Analysis of the Microphysical Properties of Arctic Precipitation Showing Frequent Occurrence of Riming
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频繁发生雾化的北极降水微物理特性的测量与分析

DOI:
10.1029/2021jd035980
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Garrett, Timothy J.
Garrett, Timothy J.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fitch, Kyle E.;Garrett, Timothy J.

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在北极等偏远地区,对雪的详细地面观测很少。在这里,对 2016 年 8 月至 2018 年 8 月期间在阿拉斯加州奥利克托克角获得的超过 55,000 个固体水凝物的多角度雪花相机测量结果进行了分析,并与犹他州阿尔塔早期实验的类似测量结果进行了比较。一般来说,两个地点之间的水凝物降落速度、降落方向、纵横比、平坦度和复杂性(即沸腾程度)的分布非常相似,只是北极水凝物往往较小。总的来说,定义尺寸分布负指数的坡度参数在北极比阿尔塔陡峭约 50%。观察到 66% 的颗粒呈边缘化或中等边缘化,有人认为弱边界层稳定性有利于边缘化。平均而言,雾化颗粒的下落速度与骨料没有显着差异。然而,当云温度接近熔点时,霰的密度和下落速度会增加。
Detailed ground‐based observations of snow are scarce in remote regions, such as the Arctic. Here, Multi‐Angle Snowflake Camera measurements of over 55,000 solid hydrometeors—obtained during a two‐year period from August 2016 to August 2018 at Oliktok Point, Alaska—are analyzed and compared to similar measurements from an earlier experiment at Alta, Utah. In general, distributions of hydrometeor fall speed, fall orientation, aspect ratio, flatness, and complexity (i.e., riming degree) were observed to be very similar between the two locations, except that Arctic hydrometeors tended to be smaller. In total, the slope parameter defining a negative exponential of the size distribution was approximately 50% steeper in the Arctic as at Alta. Sixty‐six percent of particles were observed to be rimed or moderately rimed with some suggestion that riming is favored by weak boundary layer stability. On average, the fall speed of rimed particles was not notably different from aggregates. However, graupel density and fall speed increase as cloud temperatures approach the melting point.
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发表时间: 2019
影响因子: 3.1
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