Vacuum magnetic birefringence experiment as a probe of the dark sector
Vacuum magnetic birefringence experiment as a probe of the dark sector
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DOI：
10.1093/ptep/pty059
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发表时间：
2017-07
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
X. Fan;S. Kamioka;Kimiko Yamashita;S. Asai;A. Sugamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
X. Fan;S. Kamioka;Kimiko Yamashita;S. Asai;A. Sugamoto
真空磁双折射（VMB）是量子电动力学预言的一种非线性电磁效应。除了量子电动力学的效应外，该效应还具有探测暗区的可能性。量子电动力学预言的效应是宇称保守的，但暗扇区的效应会导致宇称破坏。为了追求这种可能性，我们用适用于宇称破坏理论的广义海森堡-欧拉有效拉格朗日量计算了暗区的影响。存在各种暗扇区模型，其中暗扇区中微子的VMB实验的贡献进行了检查。贡献来自光子与暗扇形Z玻色子的混合，违反宇称，从而诱导宇称违反电磁相互作用。如果极化矢量表示为${\displaystyle $}（\theta_i）$，当它的方向从外加磁场的方向旋转了一个角度$\theta_i$时，极化从${\displaystyle $}（45 ^\circ）$到${\displaystyle $}（-45 ^\circ）$的变化被检查，反之亦然。来自暗扇区的贡献修改偏振变化的幅度，因此可以通过精确测量幅度来检测偏振变化。除了幅度的变化，暗扇区还引起宇称违反效应。我们还提出了一个新的计划来衡量奇偶违反的影响直接。利用环形法布里-珀罗谐振腔，通过测量偏振态从0到90以及从90到0的变化，可以直接研究这种效应。在这个方案中出现的信号是超越标准模型理论的宇称违反的证据。
Vacuum magnetic birefringence (VMB) is a nonlinear electromagnetic effect predicted by QED. In addition to the effect from QED, the effect also has a possibility to probe the dark sector. The effect predicted by QED is parity conservative, but the effect from the dark sector can induce parity violation. To pursue this possibility, we calculated the effect from the dark sector with the generalized Heisenberg-Euler effective Lagrangian that is applicable to parity-violating theories. Various dark sector models exist, among which the contribution of the dark sector neutrinos to the VMB experiment is examined. The contribution comes from the mixing of photon with the dark sector Z boson and violates parity, thus inducing a parity-violating electromagnetic interaction. If the polarization vector is denoted by ${\epsilon}(\theta_i)$ when its direction is rotated by an angle $\theta_i$ from the direction of the applied magnetic field, the change of the polarization from ${\epsilon}(45^\circ)$ to ${\epsilon}(-45^\circ)$ and vice versa are examined. The contribution from the dark sector modifies the magnitude of the polarization change, so it can be detected by measuring the magnitude precisely. In addition to the change in the magnitude, the dark sector also induces parity-violating effects. We also propose a new scheme to measure the effect of parity violation directly. By measuring the change of polarization from ${\epsilon}(0^{\circ})$ to ${\epsilon}(90^\circ)$, and vice versa, with a ring Fabry-P\'erot resonator, one can search for the effect directly. The signal that appears in this scheme is evidence of parity violation from beyond standard model theories.