The lymphocytic cholinergic system and its biological function
The lymphocytic cholinergic system and its biological function
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DOI：
10.1016/s0024-3205(03)00068-7
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发表时间：
2003-03-28
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Fujii, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawashima, K;Fujii, T
现在已知淋巴细胞具备非神经元胆碱能系统的基本组成成分。这些成分包括乙酰胆碱（ACh）；胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT，其合成酶）；以及毒蕈碱型和烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体（分别为mAChRs和nAChRs）。用植物血凝素（一种T细胞激活剂）、金黄色葡萄球菌Cowan I（一种B细胞激活剂）或细胞表面分子刺激淋巴细胞，会增强乙酰胆碱的合成与释放，并上调胆碱乙酰转移酶和M - 5毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体信使核糖核酸的表达。淋巴细胞上毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体和烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的激活会引起细胞内钙离子浓度升高，并刺激c - fos基因表达和一氧化氮合成。另一方面，长期接触尼古丁会下调烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体信使核糖核酸的表达。在自发性高血压大鼠和MRL - 1pr小鼠（两种免疫紊乱的动物模型）中已检测到淋巴细胞胆碱能系统的异常。综上所述，这些数据呈现出一幅令人信服的画面，即免疫功能至少在一定程度上受一个独立的非神经元淋巴细胞胆碱能系统的控制。（C）2003爱思唯尔科学公司。保留所有权利。
Lymphocytes are now known to possess the essential components for a non-neuronal cholinergic system. These include acetylcholine (ACh); choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), its synthesizing enzyme; and both muscarinic and nicotinic ACh receptors (mAChRs and nAChRs, respectively). Stimulating lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin, a T-cell activator; Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I, a B-cell activator; or cell surface molecules enhances the synthesis and release of ACh and up-regulates expression of ChAT and M-5 mAChR mRNAs. Activation of mAChRs and nAChRs on lymphocytes elicits increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and stimulates c-fos gene expression and nitric oxide synthesis. On the other hand, long-term exposure to nicotine down-regulates expression of nAChR mRNA. Abnormalities in the lymphocytic cholinergic system have been detected in spontaneously hypertensive rats and MRL-1pr mice, two animal models of immune disorders. Taken together, these data present a compelling picture in which immune function is, at least in part, under the control of an independent non-neuronal lymphocytic cholinergic system. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.