Adhesion of Chlamydomonas microalgae to surfaces is switchable by light
Adhesion of Chlamydomonas microalgae to surfaces is switchable by light
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys4258
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Baeumchen, Oliver
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kreis, Christian Titus;Le Blay, Marine;Baeumchen, Oliver
微藻是一种光活性微生物，生活在充满液体的环境中，如土壤、临时池塘和岩石，在那里它们遇到并定居在过多的表面。它们的光活性表现在各种过程中，包括光导向运动(趋光性)(1-3)、微藻种群的生长(4)及其光合作用机制(5)。虽然微生物对光的反应已经被广泛认识，但光对细胞-表面相互作用的任何影响仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们揭示了微藻对表面的非特异性黏附可以在光的作用下可逆地开启和关闭。使用微吸管力光谱技术，我们在体内测量了单细胞粘附力，并表明微藻的鞭毛提供了与表面可光切换的粘附性接触。这种光诱导的表面黏附是一个活跃的、完全可逆的过程，发生在几秒钟的时间尺度上。我们的结果表明，光可切换的粘附性是微藻调节浮游状态和表面相关状态之间转换的一种自然功能，这产生了一种粘附性适应，以优化光合作用效率与趋光性。
Microalgae are photoactive microbes that live in liquid-infused environments, such as soil, temporary pools and rocks, where they encounter and colonize a plethora of surfaces. Their photoactivity manifests itself in a variety of processes, including light-directed motility (phototaxis)(1-3), the growth of microalgal populations(4), and their photosynthetic machinery(5). Although microbial responses to light have been widely recognized, any influence of light on cell-surface interactions remains elusive. Here, we reveal that the unspecific adhesion of microalgae to surfaces can be reversibly switched on and off by light. Using a micropipette force spectroscopy technique, we measured in vivo single-cell adhesion forces and show that the microalga's flagella provide light-switchable adhesive contacts with the surface. This light-induced adhesion to surfaces is an active and completely reversible process that occurs on a timescale of seconds. Our results suggest that light-switchable adhesiveness is a natural functionality of microalgae to regulate the transition between the planktonic and the surface-associated state, which yields an adhesive adaptation to optimize the photosynthetic efficiency in conjunction with phototaxis.