Grading of Japanese Diet Intakes by 24-Hour Urine Analysis of Taurine and Soy Isoflavones in Relation to Cardiovascular Risks
Grading of Japanese Diet Intakes by 24-Hour Urine Analysis of Taurine and Soy Isoflavones in Relation to Cardiovascular Risks
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_17
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发表时间：
2022-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yamori, Yukio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mori, Mari;Sagara, Miki;Yamori, Yukio
为了研究日本饮食与生活方式相关疾病风险的关系，从世界卫生组织（WHO）协调的心血管疾病和消化道比较（CARDIAC）研究的参与者中收集的24小时尿液（24 U）样本中分析了海鲜和大豆消费的生物标志物牛磺酸（T）和大豆异黄酮（I）等。将24 U中肌酐含量标准化的T和I数据分为五个五分位数，T1至T5和I1至I5。将所采集的样品按5（T1-T5）× 5（I1-I5）的比例分成25组，分别按海产品和大豆摄入量所对应的T和I的24 U排泄量从低到高进行分组。由于这两种营养素在日本人的饮食中经常一起摄入，因此根据24 U T和I的排泄量，将这一特征表示为J1至J5。生活方式相关疾病、肥胖（体重指数，BMI）和胆固醇血症的风险在从J1到J5的过渡期间变得较低，而HDL胆固醇水平从J1到J5变得较高。相反，从J1到J5，尿盐排泄量和钠（Na）/钾（K）比变得更高。J3组的血清学指标显著低于J5组。J3的舒张压也显著低于J1。总之，与日本饮食习惯相对应的J分数越高，BMI和胆固醇水平越低，冠心病死亡率也越低，但日本人的平均预期寿命越高。然而，这些较高的J评分与高盐摄入量和高Na/K比值相关;因此，它们导致了日本高血压和中风引起的高死亡率。这些结果表明，低盐摄入量应推荐给经常食用海鲜和大豆的日本人，以保持较低的血压，延长健康的预期寿命，降低中风风险。此外，日本饮食的高评分对应于镁（Mg）的高摄入量，镁（Mg）富含海鲜，包括海藻和大豆。因此，低盐海鲜和大豆摄入量预计将降低代谢综合征的发病率，其风险与T和Mg摄入量呈负相关。
To investigate the association of the Japanese diet with risks for lifestyle-related diseases, the biomarkers of seafood and soybean consumption, taurine (T) and soy isoflavones (I), and others were analyzed in 24-hour urine (24U) samples collected from participants of the Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison (CARDIAC) Study coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO). The data of T and I normalized for creatinine content in 24U were divided into five quintiles, T1 to T5, and I1 to I5. The total data of the collected samples were divided into 25 groups, which were obtained by 5 (T1–T5) × 5 (I1–I5) according to 24U excretions of T and I corresponding to the intake of seafood and soybeans from the least to the highest, respectively. Since these two nutrients were often consumed together in the Japanese diet, this characteristic was expressed as J1 to J5 based on the amounts of 24U T and I excretions. The risks for lifestyle-related diseases, obesity (body mass index, BMI), and cholesterolemia became lower during the transition from J1 to J5, while HDL cholesterol levels became higher from J1 to J5. On the contrary, urinary salt excretion and the sodium (Na)/potassium (K) ratio became higher from J1 to J5. Systolic blood measure was significantly lower in J3 than in J5. Diastolic blood pressure was also significantly lower in J3 than in J1. In conclusion, the higher the J score, which corresponds to Japanese dietary habits, the lower the BMI and cholesterol levels, as well as mortality rate from coronary heart disease, but the higher the average life expectancy among the Japanese. However, these higher J scorings were associated with high-salt intake and high Na/K ratios; therefore, they contributed to high blood pressure and high mortality rate caused by stroke in Japan. These results indicate that low-salt intake should be recommended to the Japanese who are consuming seafood and soy regularly in order to maintain lower blood pressure and to extend healthy life expectancy with a lower risk of stroke. Moreover, high scorings of the Japanese diet correspond to the high intake of magnesium (Mg) which is rich in seafood including seaweeds and soy. Therefore, low-salt seafood and soy intake is expected to reduce the incidence of the metabolic syndrome, the risk of which is inversely related to T and Mg intake.