Correcting Injunctive Norm Misperceptions Motivates Behavior Change: A Randomized Controlled Sun Protection Intervention
Correcting Injunctive Norm Misperceptions Motivates Behavior Change: A Randomized Controlled Sun Protection Intervention
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0028140
复制
发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Aiken, Leona S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reid, Allecia E.;Aiken, Leona S.
目的：尽管长期的社会心理学研究支持强制性规范的影响（即，什么是通常批准或不批准）对行为的影响，支持这种对健康行为的影响是有限的。我们研究了纠正对禁令规范的误解以提高防晒效果的效用，以及态度的变化是否介导了禁令规范-意图关系。方法：在基线263社区居住的主要是白色妇女，年龄在37至77岁，报告了他们的信念，防晒和晒黑和他们的看法“典型的妇女”批准防晒与晒黑。女性低估了对防晒的认可，高估了对晒黑的认可。在一项随机试验中，其中189名女性接受了关于防晒的信息或信息加个性化规范反馈（PNF）。PNF比较了每个女性自己对典型女性对晒黑和防晒的认可与实际规范值的看法，两者都在基线测量。PNF表示，大多数女性都赞成其他防晒霜。结果如下：PNF导致更积极的防晒禁令规范，态度和意图在立即后测和更积极的意图和自我报告的行为在4周的后续行动。妇女的信念和实际规范值之间的基线差异与对照条件下的防晒变化呈负相关，但与PNF条件下的防晒变化呈正相关。假设，态度的变化部分介导的影响PNF的意图的变化。结论：本研究证明了纠正强制性规范误解对促进健康行为的效用。态度改变PNF和介导的规范意图的关系表明，影响态度，可能会限制电抗的方法。
Objective: Despite long-standing social psychological research supporting the influence of injunctive norms (i.e., what is commonly approved or disapproved) on behavior, support for this influence on health behaviors is limited. We examined the utility of correcting misperceptions of injunctive norms for improving sun protection and whether changes in attitudes mediated the injunctive norm-intention relationship. Method: At baseline 263 community residing primarily White women, aged 37 to 77 years, reported their beliefs about sun protection and tanning and their perceptions of "typical women's" approval of sun protection versus tanning. Women underestimated approval of sun protection and overestimated approval of tanning. In a randomized trial, 189 of these women received either information about sun protection or information plus personalized normative feedback (PNF). PNF compared each woman's own perceptions of typical women's approval of tanning and sun protection with actual normative values, both measured at baseline. PNF communicated that most women approve of others who sun protect. Results: PNF led to more positive sun protection injunctive norms, attitudes, and intentions at immediate posttest and more positive intentions and self-reported behavior at 4-week follow-up. Baseline discrepancy between a woman's beliefs and actual normative values related negatively to changes in sun protection in the control condition but positively in the PNF condition. As hypothesized, changes in attitudes partially mediated the influence of PNF on changes in intentions. Conclusions: The present research demonstrates the utility of correcting injunctive norm misperceptions for promoting healthy behaviors. That attitudes changed in response to PNF and mediated the norm-intention relationship suggests a method for influencing attitudes that may limit reactance.