ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914
ASTROPHYSICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE BINARY BLACK HOLE MERGER GW150914
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DOI：
10.3847/2041-8205/818/2/l22
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发表时间：
2016-02-20
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Zweizig, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abbott, B. P.;Abbott, R.;Zweizig, J.
利用先进的LIGO探测器发现的引力波（GW）源GW150914为双黑洞（BH）系统的存在提供了第一个观测证据，这些系统在宇宙的年龄范围内激发并合并。这样的黑洞合并已经在两种主要的形成模型中得到了预测，包括星系场中孤立的双星或年轻和年老致密恒星环境中的动态相互作用。测量到的质量有力地证明了相对“重”的黑洞（大于或类似于25M（圆点））可以在自然界中形成。这一发现意味着相对较弱的大质量恒星风，因此GW150914是在金属丰度低于太阳的1/2的环境中形成的。从GW150914观测推断出的双星-黑洞（BBH）合并速率与两种形成模型预测的速率上限(大于或接近1 Gpc（-3) yr(-1)）一致。GW150914的低测量红移（z接近或等于0.1）和低推断的恒星祖先金属丰度表明，要么是在局部宇宙的低质量星系中形成BBH并迅速合并，要么是在高红移形成，形成和合并之间的时间延迟几个Gyr。这一发现激发了对双黑洞形成天体物理学的进一步研究。它对未来的探测和研究也有启示，包括先进的LIGO和先进的处女座，以及太空中的GW探测器。
The discovery of the gravitational-wave (GW) source GW150914 with the Advanced LIGO detectors provides the first observational evidence for the existence of binary black hole (BH) systems that inspiral and merge within the age of the universe. Such BH mergers have been predicted in two main types of formation models, involving isolated binaries in galactic fields or dynamical interactions in young and old dense stellar environments. The measured masses robustly demonstrate that relatively "heavy" BHs (greater than or similar to 25M(circle dot)) can form in nature. This discovery implies relatively weak massive-star winds and thus the formation of GW150914 in an environment with a metallicity lower than about 1/2 of the solar value. The rate of binary-BH (BBH) mergers inferred from the observation of GW150914 is consistent with the higher end of rate predictions (greater than or similar to 1 Gpc(-3) yr(-1)) from both types of formation models. The low measured redshift (z similar or equal to 0.1) of GW150914 and the low inferred metallicity of the stellar progenitor imply either BBH formation in a low-mass galaxy in the local universe and a prompt merger, or formation at high redshift with a time delay between formation and merger of several Gyr. This discovery motivates further studies of binary-BH formation astrophysics. It also has implications for future detections and studies by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, and GW detectors in space.