On the Phonological System of Japanese Inflections
On the Phonological System of Japanese Inflections
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论日语声调变化的音系系统
DOI：
10.11435/gengo1939.1982.83
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Norio Fujiyoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Norio Fujiyoshi
1. 如果词汇条目在表面表征中以各种音系形式出现，那么确定词汇条目的规范形式可以假定什么标准？例如，日语动词iku“go”和kiru“wear”以诸如itali这样的语音变体结尾，如下面的范例所示。(1) iki- nai, iki-masu, iQ-ta, iku（名词），iki- ba, iko-u ki-nai, ki-masu, ki-ta, kiru（名词），kire-ba, kiro (IMP)，它们各自的衍生名词是iki和kiri。在传统的日语音韵学研究中，人们普遍认为词汇条目是词的词干部分，认为词形上的“词干”等同于音系上的“词干”，即屈折词的不变部分；因此，上面的动词是ik和ki(r)。这种方法，将被称为干分析，是站不住脚的，以确定日语屈折构词的词汇表示。首先，为什么这些以“纯”辅音结尾的形式只允许像动词和形容词这样的单词作为基本形式发生变形？它们与日语中可识别的一般语音模式不一致。日语中没有以纯辅音结尾的名词。其次，“干”这个概念是原创的
1. What criterion could be postulated for determining the canonical form of a lexical entry, if it occurs in a variety of phonological forms in the surface representation? For instance, the Japanese verbs iku "go" and kiru "wear" end in such phonological alternants as itali cized in the following paradigm. (1) ika-nai, iki-masu, iQ-ta, iku (Noun), ike-ba, iko-u ki-nai, ki-masu, ki-ta, kiru (Noun), kire-ba, kiro (IMP) And their respective derived nominals are iki and kiri. In the traditional phonological studies of Japanese, the assumption is widely accepted that verbal lexica: entry is the stem part of words, considering the morphological "stem" to be equivalent to the phonological "stem," namely, the invariable portion of inflecting words ; hence ik-and ki(r)-for the above verbs. This approach, which will be referred to as Stem Analysis, is untenable for determining the lexical representation of Japanese inflectional formatives. First, why are such forms ending in "pure" consonants only allowed for inflecting words like verbs and adjectives as basic forms? They are inconsistent with the general phonological pattern recognizable in Japanese words. There are no nominals ending in pure consonants in Japanese. Second, the notion "stem" is originally