Farmed arctic foxes on the Fennoscandian mountain tundra: implications for conservation
Farmed arctic foxes on the Fennoscandian mountain tundra: implications for conservation
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芬诺斯坎迪亚山区苔原上养殖的北极狐：对保护的影响
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00269.x
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
A. Angerbjörn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Norén;K. Kvaløy;V. Nyström;A. Landa;L. Dalén;N. Eide;E. Østbye;H. Henttonen;A. Angerbjörn
野生个体和圈养个体之间的杂交是一个严重的保护问题，需要采取措施防止负面影响。然而，这些措施常常被公众认为是有争议的，特别是在涉及魅力物种时。对极度濒危的芬诺斯坎迪亚北极狐（Alopex lagopus）的威胁之一是与逃跑的农场狐狸的杂交，由于失去了对旅鼠周期的局部适应，带来了近交衰退的风险。在这项研究中，我们调查了野生北极狐中是否存在逃脱的农场狐狸以及是否在野外发生了杂交。我们分析了自由放养狐狸样本中的线粒体控制区序列和 10 个微卫星位点，并将它们与已知农场狐狸和真正的芬诺斯坎迪亚北极狐的参考样本进行了比较。我们在 182 个样本中的 25 个样本中鉴定出了农场狐狸特有的线粒体单倍型 H9，其中 21 个样本是在挪威西南部哈当厄尔高原的野生亚群内部或附近采集的。对哈当尔高原（1897-1975）收集的博物馆标本进行的遗传分析表明，农场狐狸的基因型最近已被引入该地区。主成分分析以及基于模型和频率的微卫星数据分析表明，自由放养的 H9 是农场狐狸而不是野生北极狐，并且整个 Hardangervidda 种群由农场狐狸或假定的杂交种组成。我们强烈建议清除野外的农场狐狸和杂交狐狸，以防止受威胁的北极狐剩余野生亚群的基因污染。
Hybridization between wild and captive‐bred individuals is a serious conservation issue that requires measures to prevent negative effects. Such measures are, however, often considered controversial by the public, especially when concerning charismatic species. One of the threats to the critically endangered Fennoscandian arctic fox Alopex lagopus is hybridization with escaped farm foxes, conveying a risk of outbreeding depression through loss of local adaptations to the lemming cycle. In this study, we investigate the existence of escaped farm foxes among wild arctic foxes and whether hybridization has occurred in the wild. We analysed mitochondrial control region sequences and 10 microsatellite loci in samples from free‐ranging foxes and compared them with reference samples of known farm foxes and true Fennoscandian arctic foxes. We identified the farm fox specific mitochondrial haplotype H9 in 25 out of 182 samples, 21 of which had been collected within or nearby the wild subpopulation on Hardangervidda in south‐western Norway. Genetic analyses of museum specimens collected on Hardangervidda (1897–1975) suggested that farm fox genotypes have recently been introduced to the area. Principal component analysis as well as both model‐ and frequency‐based analyses of microsatellite data imply that the free‐ranging H9s were farm foxes rather than wild arctic foxes and that the entire Hardangervidda population consisted of farm foxes or putative hybrids. We strongly recommend removal of farm foxes and hybrids in the wild to prevent genetic pollution of the remaining wild subpopulations of threatened arctic foxes.
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2003.1388
发表时间：
2004-02-29
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Hewitt, GM
通讯作者：
Hewitt, GM