THE 2 DISCIPLINES OF SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGY
THE 2 DISCIPLINES OF SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGY
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DOI：
10.1037/h0043943
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发表时间：
1957-01-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
CRONBACH, LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CRONBACH, LJ
“今天没有人能通晓所有的心理学。”在美国心理学协会第65届年会上，主席的这篇演讲讨论了两种具有历史意义的方法、思想和从属关系——实验心理学和相关心理学——在心理学中的过去和未来。”众所周知，实验方法的优点是它将情境变量置于严格控制之下....相关性方法，就其本身而言，可以研究人类尚未学会控制或永远不希望控制的东西....需要一个真正的学科联盟。他们保持独立，对于某些重要问题只能给出错误的答案或根本没有答案....相关心理学只研究生物体之间的差异；实验心理学只研究治疗方法之间的差异。一个统一的学科将研究这两者，但它也将关注否则被忽视的有机体和治疗变量之间的相互作用。我们的工作是发明结构并形成一个允许预测的定律网络。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
" No man can be acquainted with all of psychology today." The past and future place within psychology of 2 historic streams of method, thought, and affiliation—experimental psychology and correlational psychology—is discussed in this address of the President at the 65th annual convention of the APA." The well-known virtue of the experimental method is that it brings situational variables under tight control…. The correlation method, for its part, can study what man has not learned to control or can never hope to control…. A true federation of the disciplines is required. Kept independent, they can give only wrong answers or no answers at all regarding certain important problems…. Correlational psychology studies only variance among organisms; experimental psychology studies only variance among treatments. A united discipline will study both of these, but it will also be concerned with the otherwise neglected interactions between organismic and treatment variables. Our job is to invent constructs and to form a network of laws which permits prediction."(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)