Regulatory measures to fight obesity in Small Island Developing States of the Caribbean and Pacific, 2015 - 2017.
Regulatory measures to fight obesity in Small Island Developing States of the Caribbean and Pacific, 2015 - 2017.
复制标题
DOI：
10.26633/rpsp.2018.191
复制
发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Samuels, T Alafia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster, Nicole;Thow, Anne Marie;Samuels, T Alafia
本报告审查了加勒比小岛屿发展中国家-巴巴多斯、多米尼克、牙买加和太平洋小岛屿发展中国家-斐济、瑙鲁和汤加在采取具体政府监管措施减少肥胖症和相关饮食相关慢性非传染性疾病风险方面的经验，以及遇到的障碍和机遇。在世界卫生组织（WHO）2017年非传染性疾病进展监测的饮食相关指标的指导下，作者审查了立法，国家报告，文章以及WHO和世界贸易组织的数据库，以确定相关的监管措施，并确定选定国家的实施程度。肥胖症流行率从多米尼克的25.9%到汤加的41.1%不等。选定国家实施的与饮食有关的主要措施是财政措施，如加糖饮料税和进口税，以鼓励更多地消费健康食品。政府在限制销售不健康食品方面的行动最为薄弱。如果加勒比和太平洋国家要降低目前肥胖和相关非传染性疾病的高发病率，就需要加强实施与饮食有关的监管措施，特别是在向儿童推销不健康食品和饮料方面。执行方面的主要挑战包括财政和人员配置方面的制约因素，以及需要增强政治意愿，以抵制行业的反对意见，并为继续推进这一议程分配充足的财政资源。
This report examines the experiences of Small Island Developing States in the Caribbean- Barbados, Dominica, Jamaica, and in the Pacific- Fiji, Nauru, and Tonga with specific governmental regulatory measures to reduce the risk of obesity and associated diet-related chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), as well as the obstacles and opportunities encountered. Guided by the diet-related indicators of the World Health Organization (WHO) Noncommunicable Diseases Progress Monitor 2017, the authors reviewed legislation, country reports, articles, and the databases of WHO and the World Trade Organization to identify relevant regulatory measures and to establish the extent of implementation in the selected countries. Obesity prevalence ranged from 25.9% in Dominica to 41.1% in Tonga. The principal diet-related measures implemented by the selected countries were fiscal measures, such as sugar-sweetened beverage taxes and import duties to encourage greater consumption of healthy foods. Governmental action was weakest in the area of restrictions on marketing of unhealthy foods. If they are to reduce their current high rates of obesity and associated NCDs, Caribbean and Pacific states need to intensify implementation of diet-related regulatory measures, particularly in the area of marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children. Key implementation challenges include financial and staffing constraints and the need for increased political will to counter industry opposition and to allocate adequate financial resources to keep advancing this agenda.