AFFORDANCES AND COMPATIBILITY EFFECTS: A NEURAL-NETWORK COMPUTATIONAL MODEL
AFFORDANCES AND COMPATIBILITY EFFECTS: A NEURAL-NETWORK COMPUTATIONAL MODEL
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可供性和兼容性效应：神经网络计算模型
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Baldassarre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daniele Caligiore;A. Borghi;D. Parisi;G. Baldassarre
行为和大脑成像证据表明，看到物体会自动唤起“可供性”，例如，它往往会激活与执行精确或强力握力相关的内部表征。根据这一证据，Tucker 和 Ellis [1] 发现物体尺寸（小和大）和用于判断所看到的物体是人工物体还是自然物体的握力类型（精度和力量）之间存在兼容性效应。这项工作提出了一个神经网络模型，该模型提出了对这些实验的解释，与最近关于前额皮质一般功能的理论相一致。在携带不同信息的多个神经通路的行为表达竞争中，前额叶皮层被视为自上而下偏差的来源。该模型成功地再现了兼容性效应的实验结果，并表明，尽管这种偏差允许生物体执行与物体可供性所暗示的行为不同的行为，但这些行为仍然对行为产生影响，如较长的反应时间所反映的。
Behavioural and brain imaging evidence has shown that seeing objects automatically evokes “affordances”, for example it tends to activate internal representations related to the execution of precision or power grips. In line with this evidence, Tucker and Ellis [1] found a compatibility effect between object size (small and large) and the kind of grip (precision and power) used to respond whether seen objects were artefacts or natural objects. This work presents a neural-network model that suggests an interpretation of these experiments in agreement with a recent theory on the general functions of prefrontal cortex. Prefrontal cortex is seen as a source of top-down bias in the competition for behavioural expression of multiple neural pathways carrying different information. The model successfully reproduces the experimental results on compatibility effects and shows how, although such a bias allows organisms to perform actions which differ from those suggested by objects’ affordances, these still exert their influence on behaviour as reflected by longer reaction times.