Functional referents and acoustic similarity: field playback experiments with rhesus monkeys
Functional referents and acoustic similarity: field playback experiments with rhesus monkeys
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DOI：
10.1006/anbe.1997.0712
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发表时间：
1998-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hauser, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hauser, MD
在波多黎各圣地亚哥岛的恒河猴（Macaca mulatta），当它们寻找食物时，会发出五种独特的叫声中的一种或多种。其中三种叫声（“颤音”、“谐音拱门”和“啁啾”）是在发现高质量、罕见的食物时发出的，而另外两种叫声（“咕咕”和“咕噜”）是在遇到低质量、常见的食物时发出的，也发生在非食物环境中。为了确定恒河猴如何对这种声音变化进行分类，我使用五种呼叫类型中的一个子集进行了习惯化实验。我设计了实验来揭示分类是主要基于声学特征还是基于呼叫的功能参考；调用者标识在会话中保持不变。对“颤音”的习惯转化为“谐音拱”，反之亦然。因此，尽管这两种叫声在声学上是不同的，但它们似乎在感知上基于参考相似性聚为一类。相反，习惯了“咕噜声”之后，就不习惯了“鸣叫”或“谐音拱门”，习惯了“鸣叫”或“谐音拱门”之后，就不习惯了“咕噜声”。不适应可能是由于声学或参考差异。值得注意的是，非习惯化反应的大小是不对称的，并且取决于习惯化系列中使用的呼叫类型。因此，当受试者习惯了“咕噜声”时，他们对“颤音”或“谐音拱门”的反应要明显高于顺序相反的测试。这些结果表明，对于恒河猴与食物相关的叫声，在感知分类中，参考差异比声学差异更重要。(C) 1998动物行为研究协会。
Rhesus monkeys, Macaca mulatta, on the island of Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico produce one or more of five acoustically distinctive calls when they find food. Three of these calls ('warbles', 'harmonic arches' and 'chirps') are produced by individuals finding high-quality, rare food items, whereas the other two calls ('coos' and 'grunts') are produced upon encountering lower-quality, common food items, and in non-food contexts as well. To determine how rhesus classify such acoustic variation, I conducted habituation experiments using a subset of the five call types. I designed experiments to reveal whether classification is based primarily on acoustic features or on the basis of a call's functional referent; caller identity was held constant within sessions. Habituation to 'warbles' transferred to 'harmonic arches', and vice versa. Thus, although these two calls are acoustically distinctive, they appeared to be perceptually clustered into one category based on referential similarities. In contrast, habituation to 'grunts' was followed by dishabituation to 'warbles' or 'harmonic arches', and habituation to 'warbles' or 'harmonic arches' was followed by dishabituation to 'grunts'. Dishabituation could be due to acoustic or referential differences. Significantly, the magnitude of the dishabituating response was asymmetric and depended upon the call type used in the habituation series. Thus, when subjects were habituated to 'grunts', they responded significantly more to tests of 'warbles' or 'harmonic arches' than when the sequence was reversed. These results suggest that for rhesus monkey food-associated calls, referential differences carry more weight during perceptual classification than do acoustical differences. (C) 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.