Impact of the US Two-dose Varicella Vaccination Program on the Epidemiology of Varicella Outbreaks: Data from Nine States, 2005-2012.
Impact of the US Two-dose Varicella Vaccination Program on the Epidemiology of Varicella Outbreaks: Data from Nine States, 2005-2012.
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DOI：
10.1097/inf.0000000000000821
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bialek SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leung J;Lopez AS;Blostein J;Thayer N;Zipprich J;Clayton A;Buttery V;Andersen J;Thomas CA;Del Rosario M;Seetoo K;Woodall T;Wiseman R;Bialek SR
2007年，美国采用了常规的两剂水痘疫苗接种计划，以帮助进一步减少水痘疾病和预防水痘暴发。我们描述了2005-2012年期间9个州向疾控中心报告的水痘暴发的趋势和特征。9个州卫生部门收集的水痘暴发数据使用疾控中心暴发报告工作表提交给疾控中心。收集了关于暴发日期、暴发环境和暴发病例数的信息；提供了按年龄组、疫苗接种状况和实验室确认的与暴发有关的病例数量的汇总数据。提供2005年至2012年期间每年数据的6个州报告了929起疫情。根据这6个州的数据，疫情数量下降了78%，从2005年的147起减少到2012年的33起(p=0.0001)。从2005年到2012年，9个州共报告了1015起水痘疫情，涉及13595例病例。随着时间的推移，疫情的规模和持续时间显著下降(p<；0.001)。在2005-2006年、2007-2009年和2010-2012年期间，暴发的中位数分别为12、9和7例，中位暴发持续时间分别为38、35和26天。大多数疫情(95%)报告来自学校，从2005-2006年的97%下降到2010-2012年的89%。65%的暴发相关病例发生在5-9岁儿童中，这一比例从2005-2006年的76%下降到2010-2012年的45%。常规的两剂水痘疫苗接种计划似乎显著减少了美国水痘暴发的数量、大小和持续时间。
A routine 2-dose varicella vaccination program was adopted in 2007 in the United States to help further decrease varicella disease and prevent varicella outbreaks. We describe trends and characteristics of varicella outbreaks reported to CDC during 2005–2012 from 9 states. Data on varicella outbreaks collected by 9 state health departments were submitted to CDC using the CDC outbreak reporting worksheet. Information was collected on dates of the outbreak, outbreak setting, and number of cases by outbreak; aggregate data was provided on the numbers of outbreak-related cases by age group, vaccination status, and laboratory confirmation. Nine hundred and twenty-nine outbreaks were reported from the 6 states which provided data for each year during 2005–2012. Based on data from these 6 states, the number of outbreaks declined by 78%, decreasing from 147 in 2005 to 33 outbreaks in 2012 (p=0.0001). There were a total of 1,015 varicella outbreaks involving 13,595 cases reported by the 9 states from 2005–2012. The size and duration of outbreaks declined significantly over time (p<0.001). The median size of outbreaks was 12, 9, and 7 cases and median duration of outbreaks was 38, 35, and 26 days during 2005–2006, 2007–2009, and 2010–2012 respectively. Majority of outbreaks (95%) were reported from schools, declining from 97% in 2005–2006 to 89% in 2010–2012. Sixty-five percent of outbreak-related cases occurred among 5–9 year olds, with the proportion declining from 76% in 2005–2006 to 45% during 2010–2012. The routine 2-dose varicella vaccination program appears to have significantly reduced the number, size, and duration of varicella outbreaks in the U.S.